Fetal HRM - Moulton

Question 1

What can cause fetal bradycardia?

Answer 1

Fetal hypoxia
Anesthesia
Pitocin
Maternal hypotension
Heart block
Compressed umbilical cord

Question 3

What is the cause of variable decelerations?

What is seen on the tracing?

Answer 3

Umbilical cord compression

Shoulder sign

Question 4

What is the most common cause of tachycardia in fetus?

What else?

Answer 4

Chorioamnionitis

Fetal hypoxia, excessive oxytocin, arrhythmia

Question 5

What is the cause of late decelerations?

Answer 5

Uterine placental insufficiency (UPI)

Question 7

What constitutes a category 2 strip?

Answer 7

Baseline of 110-160 w/variable decels noted

Question 9

What indicates a fetal pH > 7.22 in scalp stim test?

Answer 9

Acceleration of 15 bpm lasting 15 seconds

Question 10

What is normal pH of fetal scalp blood?

What is fetal acidosis?

Answer 10

7.25 - 7.30

PH < 7.20

Question 11

What is the goal in category II FHR level?

Cause?

Answer 11

Promote fetal oxygenation

Meds
Fetal sleep
Acidemia
Etc

Question 13

Sinusoidal pattern means what?

Answer 13

Fetal anemia

Question 14

What constitutes a category 3 strip?

Answer 14

Recurrent late decelerations

Absent variability

Question 15

Normal FHR?

Answer 15

110-160

Tachycardia above 160
Bradycardia below 110

Question 16

What can you do if recurrent variables are noted on the fetal strip?

How?

Answer 16

Amnioinfusion

Start w/250-1000 cc infused at rate of 15 cc/min
Then continuous infusion of 100-200 cc/hr

Question 19

DEC variability is an indicator of what?

Associated with what?

Answer 19

Fetal stress

Hypoxia and acidemia

Question 21

What is the fetal scalp stim test especially useful for?

Answer 21

Differentiate fetal sleep from acidosis

Question 22

What is the management in category II FHR pattern?

Usually due to what?

Answer 22

Amnioinfusion

Umbilical cord compression

Question 23

What are potential causes of late decelerations?

Answer 23

Excessive uterine activity

Maternal supine hypotension

Question 26

What does the FHR tracing look like in category III?

Goals/management?

Answer 26

Absent baseline variability, sinusoidal

Prepare for delivery, scalp stim test

Question 27

When is prolonged deceleration commonly seen?

Answer 27

Maternal pushing

Question 29

What is a normal Montevideo unit total?

Answer 29

> 200 unit in a 10 minute period for at least 2 hours

Question 35

What is the cause of early decelerations?

Answer 35

Head compression (Inc ICP)

Not assoc w/fetal distress

Question 37

Prolonged acceleration defined how?

Change in baseline?

Answer 37

> 2 minutes

Acceleration lasts > 10 min

Question 38

What do repetitive late decelerations indicated?

Answer 38

Fetal metabolic acidosis and low arterial pH

Question 40

What are the causes of acceleration?

Answer 40

Spontaneous fetal movement
Scalp stim
Vaginal exam

Question 41

Normal uterine activity defined how?

Tachysystole?

Answer 41

5 contractions or less in 10 min

> 5 contractions in 10 minutes

Question 43

An abrupt increase in FHR is a normal reassuring response and at > 32 weeks what is the HR inc?

< 32 weeks?

Answer 43

15 bpm above baseline for 15sec to 2 min

10 bpm above baseline for 10sec to 2 min

Question 45

IUPC requires what?

Provides what?

Answer 45

Membranes to be ruptured

Most accurate information

Question 47

What is normal baseline variability?

Minimal?

Marked?

Answer 47

6-25 bpm

< 6

> 25

Question 51

FHR monitoring has not benefit in decreasing what?

But can increase what?

Answer 51

Cerebral palsy

Operative vaginal deliveries and c-sections