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NUR 359: OB > Fetal Development > Flashcards

Fetal Development Flashcards

1
Q

fertilization=

A

conception

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2
Q

def zygote

A

sperm fuses w/ an ovum to form a new diploid cell

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3
Q

after the union of the 2 gametes, the zygote will contain how many chromosomes

A

46

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4
Q

when is the sex of the baby determined

A

@ the moment of fertilization

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5
Q

cell division occurs via

A

rapid mitosis

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6
Q

when does a blastocyst form?

A

3 days after fertilization

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7
Q

patho of blastocyst

A
  • blastocyst implants into the endometrium and sarronds itself in maternal tissue
  • inner cell mass of blastocyst develops into embryo
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8
Q

when does implantation occur?

A

7-10 days after fertilization

-approx day 22/23rd day of 28 day cycle

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9
Q

implantation causes which hormone to be secreted

A

HCG

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10
Q

is there a (+) preg test when implantation occurs

A

no- not yet

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11
Q

which bodily fluid picks up HCG fastest

A

blood

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12
Q

when will a mom get a (+) preg test

A

4 weeks

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13
Q

the first day of LMP is used to determine

A

due date

gest age

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14
Q

when is the embryonic period

A

3-8 wk of preg after conception

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15
Q

what development occurs during the embryonic period

A
  • basic structures of all major organs completed

- tissues differentiate into essential organs

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16
Q

when is a baby most vulnerable to teratogens

A

embryonic period

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17
Q

a baby is considered a fetus after the ____ wk

A

8th

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18
Q

when is the CNS and heart developing/developed

A

3rd wk

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19
Q

when is external genitalia developed

A

8-9 wk

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20
Q

when does the brain begin to develop

A

wk 9-16

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21
Q

how often does HCG rise during preg?

A

q 24 h

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22
Q

def implantation bleeding

A

bleeding occurs when egg burrows into the endometrial wall

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23
Q

implanation bleeding is AKA

A

implantation spotting

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24
Q

what color is blood when implantation bleeding occurs

A

light red/pink

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25
Q

the flickering of a heart can be heard when and through what method

A

end of wk 6

US

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26
Q

length of fetal period

A

9 wks to birth

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27
Q

at 8 wks, you can hear the fetal heart beat via

A

vaginal US

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28
Q

when is the best time to date a preg

A

8 wks

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29
Q

what measurement is taken at 8 weeks

A

crown-rump measurement

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30
Q

fetal heartbeat can be detected by ____ @ 12 wks

A

doppler

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31
Q

external genitalia can be distinguished

A

8-12 wks

32
Q

when does lanugo begin to develop

A

8-12 wks

33
Q

when can the sex of the baby be determined

A

17-21 wks

34
Q

quickening can be perceived by mom as early as

A

16 wks

35
Q

quickening must be perceived by which week

A

20th week

36
Q

vernix caseosa covers skin during which weeks

A

16-20 wks

37
Q

brown fat production is completed by

A

20 wks

38
Q

purpose of brown fat

A
  • keeps baby warm in utero

- helps provide nourishment for newborn while mothers milk is still descending/producing

39
Q

if the fetus were born during this week, it would be possible for it to survive

A

24 wks

40
Q

what is happening at 24 wks gestation

A
  • lung alveoli beginning to form
  • surfactant production begins in lungs
  • gas exchange possible
  • fetal resp mvmts
41
Q

fetal resp mvmts

A

can see chest of fetus move up and down on US
expanding and contracting
baby is practicing breathing

42
Q

the baby has a much better chance of survival of born during which week

A

28th week

43
Q

eyes open and close after how many wks gestation

A

26 wks

44
Q

gestational development at 32 weeks

A
  • rhythmic breathing mvmts

- ability to control temp

45
Q

gestational dev at 38 wks

A
  • well developed ability to exchange gas
  • lanugo on back and shoulders only
  • vernix present in major body creases
46
Q

auxiliary structures/organs

A

placenta
umbilical cord
fetal membranes- amniotic sac
amniotic fluid

47
Q

T/F- the placenta is the interface bx mother and fetus

A

true

48
Q

metabolic fx of the placenta

A 
- substances synthesized into
     glycogen
     chol
     carbs
     fatty acid
49
Q

what is the key fx of the placenta

A

respiration/gas exchange by simple diffusion

50
Q

placenta as the transfer organ

A

o2
nutrients
waste products
AB’s

51
Q

T/F- placenta stores nutrients

A

true

52
Q

when does HCG become present in blood

A

8-10 days after fertilization

53
Q

when does HCG become present in urine

A

at time of missed menses

54
Q

fx of progesterone during preg

A
  • causes endometrium to change into the decidua
  • decreases contractility of the uterus
  • suppresses maternal rxns to fetal antigens that cause SAB
55
Q

def decidua

A

provides nourishment for the early conceptus

56
Q

what hormone must be present for implantation to occur

A

progesterone

57
Q

what hormone can be given to prospective moms if they are having trouble getting/ staying pregnant

A

progesterone

58
Q

fx of estrogen during preg

A
  • enlargement of breasts, uterus, and external genitalia

- enhances uterine activity as due date approaches

59
Q

what is HPL

A

human placental lactogen

60
Q

fx’s of HPL

A
  • promotes nutrition and fetal growth
  • decr maternal insulin sensitivity and utilization of glucose—> making more glucose available for fetal growth
  • maternal breast development to support lactation
61
Q

bv’s of the umbilical cord

A

2 arteries

1 vein

62
Q

what is wharton’s jelly

A

sarrounds the bv’s in the umbilical cord

63
Q

when does the amniotic sac form?

A

at time of implantation

64
Q

layers of the amniotic sac

A
  • amnion

- chorion

65
Q

amnion

A
  • inner membrane of amniotic sac

- contains amniotic fluid

66
Q

chorion

A

-outer membrane of the amniotic sac

67
Q

what is chorio

A

infec of the chorionic membrane

68
Q

what are mom and baby at risk for if the chorionic sac membrane is ruptured

A

infec

69
Q

amniotic fluid____ in vol throughout the preg

A

increases

70
Q

what is the normal vol range of amniotic fluid after 20 wks gestation

A

700-1000 mL

71
Q

fx of amniotic fluid

A
  • thermoreg of fluid
  • symmetrical growth and dev of fetus
  • cushions and protects fetus
  • protects umbilical cord
72
Q

what measurement is important to determine fetal well being

A

volume of amniotic fluid

73
Q

oligohydramnios

A

leak of amniotic fluid

74
Q

polyhydramnios

A

may indicate that the baby is not swallowing

—-> may indicate baby GI distress/disfx

75
Q

likelihood of having twins increases with

A

maternal age

NUR 359: OB (15 decks)

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