fetal complications

Question 1

Hydrops is

Answer 1

an abnormal accumulation of fluid in MORE THAN 1 body cavity

Question 2

causes of Hydrops

Answer 2

Immune (10-15%) - alloimmunization with Anti-D aB

Non-Immune causes

Question 3

Hydrops can present as

Answer 3

increased systolic flow in MCA

Question 4

ABO, lewis antibodies are most common but they do NOT cause

Answer 4

Fetal anemia

Question 5

which type of antibodies in the Rh system cause the majority of cases of obstetric complications?

Answer 5

Anti-D antibodies

Question 6

Under what 2 circumstances can a woman become allo-immunized?

Answer 6

1- blood transfusion

2- pregnancy

Question 7

when do Ab cross the placenta in a second pregnancy?

Answer 7

~ 17-18 weeks

Question 8

what are the 4 risks for Rh+ fetus?

Answer 8

fetal anemia
Hydrops
IUFD
newborn anemia 
severe jaundice

Question 9

Indirect Coomb’s test

Answer 9

Patient serum incubated with known RBC antigens

Question 10

The HIGHER the titer

Answer 10

Greater risk of Rh positive fetus

Question 11

elevated peak systolic velocity means

Answer 11

Fetal anemia! BEFORE hydrops

Question 12

if you confirm fetal anemia

Answer 12

can do an U/S guided transfusion

Question 13

rhogam is given routinely at 28 weeks UNLESS

Answer 13

FATher is Rh negative as well as mother

Question 14

if non-immune hydrops - baby losing blood think

Answer 14

TTTS

Question 15

if non-immune hydrops and baby is hemolysing

Answer 15

• parvovirus/slapped cheek or fifth disease

Question 16

in the newborn what happens to pulmonary blodo pressure

Answer 16

it DROPs

Question 17

chest compressions are initiated when heart rate falls below

Answer 17

60

Question 18

APGAR mnemonic

Answer 18

How - Heart rate
Ready - resp effort
Is  - reflex irritability
This - Muscle Tone
Child - Color -

Question 19

Apgar scores are NOT meant to be

Answer 19

indicators of long-term outcomes

Question 20

fetal transition can be interfered with by

Answer 20

Cold stress
Hypoxia
hypercapnia
acidosis

Question 21

Non-immune hydrops with anemia can be the result of

Answer 21

Blood loss
or
Intrauterine infection

Question 22

Non-immune hydrops witHOUT anemia can be the result of

Answer 22

• structural anomaly/ chromosomal

- or Rhythm abnormality - CHF