Fetal Adaptations Flashcards
t/f in utero, fetal core temp is >0.5 C than the mother’s temp
true
how is heat lost in newborns
conduction
convection
evaporation
radiation
how do newborns produce heat
lipolysis of brown adipose tissue
why are pre-term babies more at risk for hypothermia
immature skin
greater surface area to body weight ratio
decreased brown adipose stores`
t/f preterm infants will have smooth skin
f, transparent and thin skin
methods to produce heat
drying the infant, radiant warmers, plastic wrap, kangaroo care
optimal environmental temperature for minimal heat loss nd oxygen consumption
36.5-37 C
t/f the breathing movements fetuses do in utero are for gas exchange
false, these are intermittent and not for gas exchange
factors leading to adequate lung function
airway patency
functional lung development
maturity of respiratory control
during labor, there is an increase in ____ that enhances lung fluid absorption and triggers ___
increase in catecholamines, vasopressin, prolactin, and glucocorticoids
triggers change in epithelia from chloride secretory to sodium resorptive
what does surfactant do
enhances aeration of gas free lungs by reducing surface tension, lowering pressure required to open alveoli
t/f air entry into the lungs displaces the fluid causing an increase in hydrostatic pressure and decrease in pulmonary blood flow
false, decrease in hydrostatic pressure and increase in pulmonary blood flow
how is spontaneous breathing after birth maintained
activation of chemoreceptors
decrease in placental hormones that inhibit respiration
presence of natural environmental stimulation
most critical reason for apnea
acidosis secondary to compromised fetal circulation
others: narcotics, anesthetics, mg
how to manage fetal apnea
- primary apnea: reverse by stimulation
- secondary apnea: assisted ventilation
t/f frc is lowest in immature infants due to decreased alveolar number
true