FEMUR & PELVIC GIRDLE Flashcards by Danie Bernal

The angle of the neck to the shaft of the proximal femur on an average adult is approximately ____-

125 degrees

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The angle of the neck to the shaft of the proximal femur on an average adult is approximately ____-

125 degrees

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Another word for innominate bones

oss coxae

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The two important positioning landmarks of the femur & pelvic girdle are

iliac crest & ASIS

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_____ pelvis is more Narrower, deeper,
less flared

male

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_____ pelvis is more Narrower, deeper,
less flared

female

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What is the angle of the pubic arch of the male pelvis

Acute angle (<90°)

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What is the angle of the pubic arch of the female pelvis

Obtuse angle (>90°)

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What is the shape of the inlet of the male pelvis

More oval or heart-shaped

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what is the shape of the inlet of the female pelvis?

Rounder, larger

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What is the desired position to visualize pelvis & hips?

15° to 20° medial rotation

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In this rotation:
- Long axes of feet and lower limbs equally rotated laterally
in a normal relaxed position
* Femoral necks greatly foreshortened
* Lesser trochanters visible in profile internally

External rotation

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This is for detection and evaluation of fractures and/or bone lesions.

AP PROJECTION: FEMUR—MID- AND DISTAL

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Rotate leg internally about _____° for a true AP, as for an AP knee

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What is the placement of the CR in AP projection of the femur-mid- and distal

CR is perpendicular to femur and IR.

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This projection/position is for the Mid- and distal femur, including the knee joint for detection and evaluation of fractures and/or bone lesions.

LATERAL-MEDIOLATERAL OR LATEROMEDIAL PROJECTIONS:
FEMUR—MID- AND DISTAL

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For the LATERAL-MEDIOLATERAL OR LATEROMEDIAL PROJECTIONS:
FEMUR—MID- AND DISTAL, you should not attempt this position if patient has severe trauma.

Lateral recumbent

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For the lateral recumbent position in femur, what is the angle of degree for flexing the knee?

Flex knee approximately 45° with patient on affected side

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What is the placement of the CR in Lateral femur?

CR perpendicular to femur and IR directed to midpoint of IR

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Do not attempt this position for
patients with possible fracture of the hip or proximal femur

LATERAL-MEDIOLATERAL PROJECTION: FEMUR—MID- AND PROXIMAL

This is for Fractures, joint dislocations, degenerative disease, and bone lesion

AP PELVIS PROJECTION (BILATERAL HIPS): PELVIS

What is the rotation of the long axes of the feet in the AP pelvis projection (bilateral hips)

internally rotate long axes of feet
and lower limbs 15° to 20°

What is the placement of the CR in AP pelvis projection?

CR is perpendicular to IR, directed midway between level of ASIS
and the symphysis pubis

What is the other term forAP BILATERAL FROG-LEG PROJECTION: PELVIS?

Modified cleaves method

What is the warning for trying the Modified cleaves method?

Do not attempt this position on a patient with destructive hip disease or with potential hip fracture or dislocation.

Demonstration of a nontrauma hip * Developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH), also known as congenital hip dislocation (CHD).

AP BILATERAL FROG-LEG PROJECTION: PELVIS

What is the abduction degree in AP bilateral frog?

abduct both femora 40° to 45° from vertical

What is the placement of the CR in AP bilateral frog-leg

CR is perpendicular to IR, directed to a point 3 inches (7.5 cm) below level of ASIS

Another term for Taylor Method

AP AXIAL OUTLET PROJECTION* (FOR ANTERIOR-INFERIOR PELVIC BONES): PELVIS

What is the degree of the CR for the Taylor Method?

Angle CR cephalad 20° to 35° for males and 30° to 45° for females

Assessment of pelvic trauma for posterior displacement or inward or outward rotation of the anterior pelvis

AP AXIAL INLET PROJECTION*: PELVIS

What is the degree of CR in the AP AXIAL INLET PROJECTION*: PELVIS

Angle CR caudad 40°

Another term for PO Pelvis - acetabulum

Judet Method

What is the degree of the part position in PO Pelvis - acetabulum?

Place patient in 45° posterior oblique, with both pelvis and thorax 45° from tabletop

When the anatomy is downside in PO pelvis acetabulum, what is the placement of the CR?

direct CR perpendicular and centered to 2 inches (5 cm) distal and 2 inches (5 cm) medial to downside ASIS

When the anatomy is upside in PO pelvis acetabulum, what is the placement of the CR?

direct perpendicular and centered to 2 inches (5 cm) directly distal to upside ASIS

What is another term for PA AXIAL OBLIQUE PROJECTION–ACETABULUM

Teuful Method

What is the degree of the patient in teuful method?

Place patient in 35° to 40° anterior oblique

What is the degree of the CR in the Teuful method?

12 degree cephalad

What is the placement of the CR in the Teuful Method

When anatomy of interest is downside, direct CR perpendicular and centered to 1 inch (2.5 cm) superior to the level of the greater trochanter, approximately 2 inches (5 cm) lateral to the midsagittal plane

This is for: Postoperative or follow-up examination to demonstrate the acetabulum, femoral head, neck, and greater trochanter. * Evaluate condition and placement of any existing orthopedic appliance.

AP UNILATERAL HIP PROJECTION: HIP AND PROXIMAL FEMUR

What is the degree of rotation of the affected leg in AP UNILATERAL HIP PROJECTION: HIP AND PROXIMAL FEMUR?

rotate leg internally 15-20 degrees

What is the placement of the CR in AP UNILATERAL HIP PROJECTION: HIP AND PROXIMAL FEMUR

CR is perpendicular to IR, directed to 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5 cm) distal to midfemoral neck (to include all orthopedic appliance of the hip, if present

Another term for AXIOLATERAL INFEROSUPERIOR PROJECTION: HIP AND PROXIMAL FEMUR—TRAUMA

Danelius-Miller Method

What is the warning for the Danelius-Miller Method?

Do not attempt to rotate leg internally on initial trauma examination

What is the placement of the CR in the Danelius-Miller Method?

CR is perpendicular to femoral neck and to IR

What is another term for the CR is perpendicular to femoral neck and to IR

CLEMENTS-NAKAYAMA METHOD

What is the placement of the CR in CLEMENTS-NAKAYAMA METHOD?

Angle CR mediolaterally as needed so that it is perpendicular to and centered to femoral neck. It should be angled posteriorly 15° to 20° from horizontal.