CHEST Flashcards
It is an important landmark for determining the central ray (CR) location on a posteroanterior (PA) chest projection
vertebra prominens
what are the parts of the respiratory system?
- Larynx (lar′-inks) (voice box)
- Trachea (tra′-ke-ah)
- Right and left bronchi (bron′-chi)
- Lungs
The upper margin of the larynx is at the approximate level of
C3
The upper margin of the larynx is at the approximate level of
C3
It is the rounded upper area above
the level of the clavicles.
apex
It is shown as the point of bifurcation, the lowest margin of the separation of the trachea into the right and left bronchi
carina
The ____ of each lung is the lower concave area of each lung that rests on the diaphragm (E)
base
It is a muscular partition that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities
diaphragm
refers to the extreme outermost
lower corner of each lung, where the diaphragm meets the ribs
Costophrenic angle
also known as the root region, is the central area of each lung, where the bronchi, blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves enter and leave the lungs
hilum
Four radiographically important structures located in the mediastinum are the
(1) thymus gland, (2) heart and great vessels,
(3) trachea, and (4) esophagus
What is the projection/position for demonstrating pleural effusions, pneumothorax, atelectasis, and signs of infection
PA Projection: Chest ambulatory patient
What is the placement of the CR in the PA projection of the chest for an ambulatory patient and for a patient who is on a stretcher?
CR perpendicular to IR and centered to midsagittal plane at the level of T7 (7 to 8 inches [18 to 20 cm] below vertebra prominens, or to the inferior angle of the scapula
A 90° perspective from PA projection may
demonstrate pathology situated posterior
to the heart, great vessels, and sternum.
Lateral position: chest
What is the placement of the CR in the lateral position of the chest for an ambulatory patient?
CR perpendicular, directed to midthorax at level of T7 (3 to 4 inches [7.5 to 10 cm] below level of jugular notch)
What is the placement of the IR in the lateral position of the chest for an ambulatory patient and a patient on a wheelchair??
Top of IR about 1 inch (2.5 cm) above vertebra prominens
- This projection demonstrates pathology involving the lungs, diaphragm, and mediastinum.
- Determining air-fluid levels (pleural effusion) requires a completely erect position with a horizontal CR, as in a PA or decubitus chest projection
AP PROJECTION: CHEST
SUPINE OR SEMI-ERECT
What is the placement of the IR on AP projection of chest if the patient is in supine/semi-erect?
IR under or behind patient; align center of IR to CR (top of IR about 11/2 inches [4 to 5 cm] above shoulders)
What is the placement of the CR on AP projection of chest if the patient is in supine/semi-erect?
CR angled caudad to be perpendicular to long axis of sternum (generally requires ± 5° caudad angle, to prevent clavicles from obscuring the apices)
* CR to level of T7, 3 to 4 inches (8 to 10 cm) below jugular notch
In this projection/position, small pleural effusions are demonstrated by air-fluid levels in pleural space
LATERAL DECUBITUS POSITION (AP PROJECTION): CHEST
What is the placement of the CR in lateral decub (AP projection) of chest?
CR horizontal, directed to center of IR, to level of T7, 3 to 4
inches (8 to 10 cm) inferior to level of jugular notch.
This Rule out calcifications and masses beneath the clavicles
AP LORDOTIC PROJECTION: CHEST
What is the placement of the CR in AP Lordotic?
CR perpendicular to IR, centered to midsternum
What is the placement of the CR in AP Lordotic?
CR perpendicular to IR, centered to midsternum
