ABDOMEN Flashcards
is an umbrella-shaped muscle that separates
the abdominal cavity from the thoracic cavity
DIAPHRAGM
The small intestine continues from the stomach as a long, tubelike convoluted structure about
4.5 to 5.5 m (15 to 18 feet) in length
is the shortest but widest in diameter of of the 3 segments of the small intestine
Duodenum
It checks the Pathology of the abdomen, including bowel obstruction, neoplasms, calcifications, ascites, and scout image for contrast medium studies of abdomen
AP PROJECTION—SUPINE POSITION: Abdomen (KUB)
What is the placement of the IR in AP projection - supine position of the abdomen?
Center of IR to level of iliac crests, with bottom margin at symphysis pubis
What is the placement of the CR in AP projection - supine position of the abdomen?
CR perpendicular to and directed to center of IR (to level of iliac crest)
In AP projection- supine of the abdomen, A tall hyposthenic or asthenic patient may require _________ —one centered lower to include the symphysis pubis and the second centered high to include the upper abdomen and diaphragm
2 images placed lengthwise
This projection is less desirable than AP if
the kidneys are of primary interest because of the increased object image receptor distance
PA PROJECTION—PRONE POSITION: ABDOMEN
What is the placement of the CR in PA projection-prone position of the abdomen?
CR perpendicular to and directed to center of IR (to level of iliac crest)
This checks Abdominal masses, air-fluid levels, and possible accumulations of intraperitoneal
air is demonstrated.
* Small amounts of free intraperitoneal air
are best demonstrated with chest technique on erect PA chest.
LATERAL DECUBITUS POSITION (AP PROJECTION): ABDOMEN
This best visualizes free intraperitoneal air in the area of the liver in the right upper abdomen away from the gastric bubble
Left lateral decubitus
This best visualizes free intraperitoneal air in the area of the liver in the right upper abdomen away from the gastric bubble
Left lateral decubitus
What is the placement of the CR in lateral decub (AP projection) of the abdomen?
CR horizontal, directed to the center of IR, at about 2 inches (5 cm) above the level of the iliac crest
Abnormal masses, air-fluid levels, and
accumulations of intraperitoneal air under
diaphragm are demoed in this projection/position
AP PROJECTION—ERECT POSITION: ABDOMEN
What is the placement of the IR in AP projection -erect position of the abdomen?
Adjust height of IR so that the center is approximately 2 inches
(5 cm) above iliac crest (to include diaphragm)
This projection/position is for:
- Abnormal masses, accumulations of gas,
air-fluid levels, aneurysms (widening or
dilation of the wall of an artery, vein, or
the heart)
* Calcification of aorta or other vessels
* Umbilical hernia
DORSAL DECUBITUS POSITION (RIGHT OR LEFT LATERAL): ABDOMEN
What is the placement of the CR in dorsal decub position of the abdomen?
CR horizontal to center of IR 2 inches (5 cm) above iliac crest
and to midcoronal plane
This projection/position is for:
- Abnormal soft tissue masses, umbilical
hernia, prevertebral region for possible
aneurysms of aorta or calcifications
* May be performed for localization of
foreign bodies
LATERAL POSITION: ABDOMEN
What is the placement of the CR in the lateral position of the abdomen?
CR perpendicular to the table, centered at the level of the iliac crest to the midcoronal plane
The ACUTE ABDOMINAL SERIES: ACUTE ABDOMEN is used for what clinical indications?
Ileus, Ascites, Perforated hollow viscus, Intra-abdominal mass, postoperative surgery
What is the placement of the CR in ACUTE ABDOMINAL SERIES: ACUTE ABDOMEN
CR to level of iliac crest on supine and approximately 5 cm (2 inches) above level of crest to include diaphragm on erect or decubitus
