femoral triangle, medial and anterior thigh Flashcards
what is the femoral triangle bordered by?
inguinal ligament superiorly, satoris laterally and adductor long’s medially
the floor of the femoral triangle is formed by?
iliopsoas laterally, and pectineus medially
what does the femoral triangle contain?
(iliopsoas) femoral nerve, artery, vein, and canal (pectinous)
significance of canal in femoral triangle?
contains deep inguinal lymph nodes and is the location of femoral hernia formation
what are the femoral artery and vein enveloped by?
a sheath: short tube of transversals and iliopsoas fascia from abdominal wall
femoral nerve formed in what?
L2, L3, L4, formed in the lumbar plexus
saphenous nerve branches from femoral nerve?
sensory, leave the adductor canal distally by passing between satoris and gracilis (medial compartment)
what does saphenous nerve supply?
fascia and skin of anteromedial aspects of knee and leg and medial aspect of foot where it accompanies the great saphenous vein
how does a femoral hernia happen?
increased abdominal pressure results in peritoneum herniating into canal
what is the femoral canal?
canal that only contains the deep inguinal lymph nodes and adipose tissue, forms most medial part of femoral sheath
deep inguinal lymph nodes run in a chain in the femoral canal media to femoral vein
what supplies blood to the head of the femur?
medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries through their reticular branches, which pass superiorly in relation to the femoral neck and capsule of the hip joint
how are medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries named?
according to the aspect of the profound femoris artery from which they emerge
how do you find femoral vein and nerve?
femoral pulse!!
the inguinal ligament is the inferior border of the…
external oblique aponeurosis, which is the flattened tendon of the most superficial of the anterolateral abdominal wall muscles
where does the inguinal ligament run ?
between the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the pubic tubercle, and forms a “gutter”
the medial half of the gutter contains the inguinal canal, which contains spermatic cord or round ligament
deep femoral artery aka
profunda femoris
what happens in the retroinguinal space?
femoral vessels, femoral nerve, and the iliopsoas muscle enter/leave the lower limb by passing deep to the inguinal ligament
medial circumflex femoral artery provides
the majority of the blood supply to the head and neck of the femur, fractures are in danger of severing this artery, if it is not corrected it can lead to AVN of the femoral head
why are femoral hernias strangulated?
lack of flexibility of surrounding tissues often
muscles of the anterior thigh mainly act to…
flex hip and extend knee
iliopsoas attachments, action, nerve supply
proximal: iliac fossa (iliac) and lumbar transverse processes/IV discs (posts major)
distal: lesser trochanter of femur
flex hip
anterior rami of lumbar spinal nerves
satorius attachments, action, nerve supply
prox: ASIS
distal: medial surface of proximal tibia (via pes anserinus)
flex hip and knee
femoral nerve
quad attachments, action, nerve supply
rectus femoris: ASIS, patella, extend knee (and weak flex of hip), femoral nerve
vastus lateralis, intermedius, medius: shaft of femur, patella, extension of knee, femoral nerve
muscles of quad
rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, intermedius, medius
