anterior arm, forearm, and cubital fossa

Question 1

3 muscles of anterior compartment arm and their nerve

Answer 1

biceps brachii
coracobracialis
brachialis
nerve: musculocutaneous nerve

Question 2

biceps brachii consists of

Answer 2

long head, short head, two distal tendons: biceps tendon and bicipital aponeurosis

Question 3

attachments of biceps brachii

Answer 3

proximally to supraglenoid tubercle of scapula (via long head) and coracoid process of scapula (short head)
distally the biceps tendon to the radial tuberosity, and the bicipital aponeurosis which blends with the deep (ante brachial) fascia on the medial side of the proximal forearm

Question 4

3 muscles that attach to coracoid process

Answer 4

pectoralis minor, caracobrachialis, and short head of biceps

Question 5

tendon of long head of biceps passes where?

Answer 5

superiorly in inter tubercular groove/sulcus of the humerus and then becomes enclosed within the fibrous layer of the shoulder joint capsule to reach the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapular

Question 6

biceps tendonitis?

Answer 6

movement of tendon in the intertubercular groove also causing shoulder pain that is reproduced on direct palpatation of the tendon

Question 7

myotactic (biceps) reflex?

Answer 7

deep tendon reflex, performed in near exam

positive test: function of muscle, its peripheral nerve supply, and central connections at spinal cord level and above

Question 8

what is the coracobrachialis

Answer 8

attaches from the coracoid process of the scapula to the humerus
deep to biceps brachii and medial to brachialis
separated from triceps by medial inter muscular septae

Question 9

what is the brachialis muscle?

Answer 9

attaches from humerus to the coronoid process of ulna
deep to biceps brachii and lateral to coracobrachialis
separated from triceps by lateral inter muscular septa

Question 10

most powerful supinator of forearm?

Answer 10

biceps brachii

Question 11

anterior compartment of forearm innervation

Answer 11

median nerve except for flexor carpi ulnas and the medial part (digits 4 and 5) of flexor digitorum profundus (supplied by ulnar nerve)

Question 12

anterior compartment of forearm actions

Answer 12

flexion, abduction and adduction of wrist (carpus)
flexion of fingers (2-5 fingers)
flex thumb (pollicis)
pronation of forearm at the proximal and distal radioulnar joints

Question 13

3 layers of anterior forearm

Answer 13

1: attach prox by common flexor tendon to medial epicondyle of humerus (pronator teres, palmaris longus (distally to palmar aponeurosis), flexor carpi radials (distally to MC on radial side), flexor carpi ulnaris (distal to MC on ulnar side)
2: prox to medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna and radial head (flexor digitorum superficially: 4 muscles/tendons for 4 medial digits)
3: prox to anterior surface of radius or ulna (flexor digitorum profundus (distal digits 2-5), flexor polices longus (distal to thumb), pronator quadratus (distal between anterior surface of radius and ulna)

Question 14

muscle bellies vs tendons for fingers

Answer 14

muscles in compartment whereas tendons pass to wrist and hand, held in place by the palmar carpal ligament and flexor fretinaculum at the wrist joint/carpus

Question 15

funny bone site

Answer 15

ulnar nerve crossing the posterior surface of medial epicondyle of humerus - then passes through Flexi carpi ulnas (cubital tunnel) to reach the anterior compartment of forearm

Question 16

cubital fossa boundaries

Answer 16

superior: transerve line between epicondyles of humerus
medial: pronator teres
lateral: brachioradialis

Question 17

superficial cubital fossa contents

Answer 17

medial cubital vein, cephalic vein and basilic vein - distal tendon (deep and lateral) and aponeurosis (medial) or biceps brachii are palpable in the fossa

Question 18

deep contents of the cubital fossa contents

Answer 18

median nerve (medially- continues into the anterior compartment of the forearm), brachial artery (bifurcates into radial and ulnar arteries at the apex of triangle), radial nerve (laterally- divides into its superficial and deep branches deep to brachialis, deep branch pierces supinator to enter the posterior compartment of the forearm)

Question 19

what is the cubital fossa?

Answer 19

triangular space between skin and anterior aspect of the capsule of the elbow joint. the skin and fascia of the fossa are supplied by cutaneous nerve of arm and forearm