Feminist view of Stratification

Question 1

what did Liberal Feminist Betty Friedan say

Answer 1

• “ problem with no name “ = widespread unhappiness of American housewives in the 1950-60
• Cause of this problem was the widespread idea that women were fulfilled by their role as housewives

Question 2

What did Liberal Feminist Sue sharpe say

Answer 2

work on teenage girls :
- nowadays , girls focus more on education and having a career

Question 3

what did Radical Feminist Kate Millet say

Answer 3

•patriarchy is based on the women’s reproductive system
- what women’s natural role and status was - subordinate
• “ the personal is political “
- Women expected to act a certain way to prevent being unfeminine for example in sex , men dominated

Question 4

what did Radical feminist Firestone say

Answer 4

abolition of the nuclear family to let women escape patriarchy

Question 5

what do socialist / marxist feminists believe

Answer 5

• reject that patriarchy is unchanging and monolithic
• reject idea of separatism - that women should organise separately from men to tackle male domination ( radical feminist view )
• reject gender equality can be achieved under capitalism ( liberal)

Question 6

why do socialist feminist believe capitalism and patriarchy are interdependent

Answer 6

• reserve army of labour , women support working people with unpaid labour in the home , women provide next generation of workers

Question 7

what do black feminists argue

Answer 7

Intersection of racism and sexism puts black women in their own subordinate position

Question 8

what does black feminist Corby argue

Answer 8

black women have divided loyalties
- black men could be victims of racism by white women as well as agents of male domination

Question 9

what does post modernist feminist lorber argue

Answer 9

fights for “gender rebellion “ as the best way to dismantle gender inequality ( breaking down gender norms )

Question 10

what does Oakley argue ( postmodernism)

Answer 10

gender is variable over different cultures and times and there is no set way to be male or female

Question 11

what does postmodernist Butler argue

Answer 11

gender is a “performance” as oppose to a biological reality
- gender inequality is suffered by those who do not conform to normal gender roles

Question 12

what’s an evaluation for postmodern feminism

Answer 12

Walby and Budgeon:
creates problems for women as it reads to the reality of gender inequality suffered by women to be minimised and ignored

Question 13

what does Walklate argue ( liberal feminism)

Answer 13

in the criminal justice system male judges treat female rape survivors more harshly in court

Question 14

what does Adler say ( liberal feminism)

Answer 14

single mothers are less likely to have their testimony believed in court

Question 15

what does Boaler argue ( liberal feminism )

Answer 15

equal opportunity policy such as the Eduxation Reform Act have allowed women to become more equal to men in education

Question 16

what’s evaluation for liberal feminism

Answer 16

Radical feminists :
ignoring deeper rooted issues such as patriarchy which cannot be solved by policy alone
- Liberal feminists exaggerate level of progress tackling gender inequality in society
- 15% CEOs are female in the UK ( parker review organisation )

Question 17

what do Dobash and Dobash argue ( radical feminism )

Answer 17

men excerise violence when they feel their masculinity is challenged

Question 18

WhT does Heisensohn say ( radical feminism )

Answer 18

Patriarchal control limits the crimes women can commit as they’re controlled at home
- 4% of prison population were female (2022) which has remained stable for the last 5 years ( offical statistics )

Question 19

what does Greer say ( radical feminism )

Answer 19

advocates for separatism ( women should organise separately from men to escape patriarchy)

Question 20

what are evaluations for radical feminism

Answer 20

liberal feminist Somerville :
heterosexuality is inevitable and so separatism is not a viable option
Elliot :
radical feminism ignore domestic violence suffered by men .
STAT : 1 in 6 men will experience domestic violence in the UK

Question 21

what does Marx argue ( marxist and socialist feminism )

Answer 21

women were a part of the Lumpenproletariats and reserve army of labour

Question 22

what does Zaretsky argue ( marxism / socialist feminist)

Answer 22

the family acts as a safe haven for workers to feel like they’re relaxed only to return to work and be exploited by bourgeoise employers

Question 23

what does marxist feminist Ansley say

Answer 23

one way the illusion of the safe haven operates is that men abuse their wives to release their frustrations

Question 24

what does Edgell say ( marxist / socialist feminism )

Answer 24

Even in professional couples , men had more decision making power than women

Question 25

what’s evaluation for Marxist / socialist feminism

Answer 25

New right Murray : the problem is not capitalism causing gender inequality but instead young single mothers claiming welfare from the state , reducing incentive to work leading to lower employment ON THE OTHER JAND : murray is criticised by feminists for victim blaming and ignoring impacts of family socialisation - Cockburn (socialist) Only based around class

Question 26

what does Mirza argue ( black feminisms £

Answer 26

vital to analyse the overlap between gender and ethnicity

Question 27

what are evaluations for black feminism

Answer 27

labelling theorists , Rosenfelds and Jacobson: - people are affected by negative labelling and do not form positive subcultures Radical feminists , Coleman and Osborne : difference feminism overlook the shared experiences of women such as the risk of domestic violence and assault

Question 28

what does fuller ( interactionist ) ( black + difference feminism)

Answer 28

black girls ignore negative labels