FEMALE UROGENITAL SYSTEM GROSS ANATOMY

Question 1

what does the female uro genital system consist of?

Answer 1

ovary, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix and vagina

Question 2

ovary location

Answer 2

located alongside the lateral wall of the uterus in the ovarian fossa

Question 3

how is the ovary attached?

Answer 3

by the ovarian ligament to the uterus and fallopian tube

in contact with the fimbriae

attached to the posteriosuperior surface of the broad ligament by its peritoneal covering (mesovarium)

Question 4

what is the broad ligament?

Answer 4

lateral folds of peritoneum that extend from the pelvic walls that lie over the uterus and uterine tubes

attaches the sides of the uterus to the walls of the pelvis

Question 5

structure of uterine tube

Answer 5

infundiubulum- funnel shape part of tube that opens into the peritoneal cavity

fimbriae- elongated processes that extend from the tube and over the ovary

ampulla- wide

isthmus- narrow and straight

intramural portion- most medial, passes through the uterine wall and opens into the uterine lumen

Question 6

is the uterus intra or retroperitoneal?

Answer 6

intraperitoneal

Question 7

are the ovaries intra or retroperitoneal?

Answer 7

intraperitoneal

Question 8

location of the uterus

Answer 8

immediately behind the bladder, in front of the sigmoid colon

Question 9

four regions of the uterus + definition

Answer 9

fundus- superior region of the uterus, where the fallopian tubes open into

corpus- body of the uterus

cervix- constriction of the uterus that projects into the vagina

cervical canal- between cervix and lumen of vagina

Question 10

what is the vagina?

Answer 10

thin walled fibromuscular tube that extends inferiorly and anteriorly from the cervix and opens inferiorly innto the vestibule

Question 11

uterus position

Answer 11

anteflexed, anteverted

Question 12

different anatomical terms for the broad ligament + definition

Answer 12

mesometrium- area of broad ligament surrounding the uterus

mesosalpinx- part covering the uterine tube

mesovarium- part of the peritoneal fold from which he ovaries are suspended

Question 13

what is the suspensory ligament of the ovary?

Answer 13

extension of the broad ligament, which extends between the ovary and lateral pelvic wall

Question 14

what does the suspensory ligament of the ovary contain?

Answer 14

ovarian artery, vein, associated lymphatics and nerves

Question 15

round ligament of the uterus function

Answer 15

extends from the point at which the uterine rubes join the uterus, passes through the deep inguinal ring, through the inguinal canal and enters the labia majora

Question 16

what is the pelvic floor?

Answer 16

skeletal muscles and their associated connective tissue that supports and maintains the position of pelvic viscera

Question 17

pelvic floor muscles

Answer 17

right and left levator ani, pubococcygeus and iliococcygeus

right and left coccygeus muscles

Question 18

different regions of pelvic floor + function

Answer 18

anterior fibres- form a sling around the vagina and are attached to the perineal body

intermediate fibres form a sling between the rectum and anal canal

Question 19

what structure is beneath the pelvic floor + function

Answer 19

perineal membrane

Question 20

perineum definition

Answer 20

diamond shaped area beneath the pelvic floor, between the inferior border of the pubic symhysis anteriorly, the coccyx posteriorly and the ischial tuberosities laterally

Question 21

two divisions of the perineum

Answer 21

anterior urogenital triangle

posterior anal triangle

Question 22

what does the perineal membrane cover?

Answer 22

urogenital triangle, stretching across between the ischiopubic rami

Question 23

what perforates the perineal membrane?

Answer 23

urethra, vagina

Question 24

important structure of the perineal membrane

Answer 24

perineal body, the midline bundle of fibromuscular tissue that acts as a site of attachment of many pelvic floor and perineal muscles

Question 25

where does the perineal body lie?

Answer 25

between the lower end of the vagina and anal canal

Question 26

what is deep to the perineal body?

Answer 26

external urethral sphincter

Question 27

arterial blood supply to the ovaries explained

Answer 27

paired arteries originating from the abdominal aorta, beneath the renal arteries

ovarian arteries

pass over posterior abdominal walls to the ovary travelling between the broad ligament and suspensory ligaments of the ovary

Question 28

fallopian tube artery supply

Answer 28

branches of each ovarian artery passes medially to supply fallopian tubes and anastamose with branches of each uterine artery from the internal iliac

Question 29

ovarian venous drainage

Answer 29

ovarian vein

left drains into renal vein

right into the inferior vena cava

Question 30

venous drainage of uterus

Answer 30

via uterine venous plexus to the internal iliac veins

veins of the uterine tubes drain to the ovarian veins

left into renal vein and right into inferior vena cava

Question 31

arterial supply of uterus

Answer 31

uterine artery, anterior branch of internal iliac artery