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Anatomy III > Female Reproductive System > Flashcards

Female Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Which species has both a uterus duplex and a vagina duplex?

A
  1. Monotremes

2. Marsupials

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2
Q

Which species has a uterus duplex and a vagina simplex?

A

Rabbit

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3
Q

Which species has a normal bicornuate uterus?

A

Dog, cat, sow

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4
Q

Which species has a bicornuate-bipartite (septum) uterus?

A

Ruminants

Llama

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5
Q

Which species has a bicornuate-cruciform uterus, and what does this mean?

A

Horse

Large body b/t horns, relatively small horns

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6
Q

What is the difference between a corpus luteum and a corpus albicans?

A

Corpus luteum = follicle past ovulation, makes progesterone

Corpus albicans = regressing CL

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7
Q

What are the two special characteristics of the mare’s ovary?

A
  1. Bean-shaped (gradually, involving a unique gross change in shape)
  2. Ovulation occurs ONLY at the dip in the “bean” (the ovulation fossa)
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8
Q

What covers the mare ovary?

A

Peritoneum everywhere EXCEPT germinal epithelium at the ovulation fossa

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9
Q

How big is the diameter of a follicle on a mare’s ovary?

A

30-40 mm

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10
Q

What can and cannot be palpated (per rectum) on the mare’s ovaries?

A

Follicles CAN be palpated per rectum

Corpus Luteum CANNOT be palpated

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11
Q

In which species are both the follicles and corpus luteum palpable per rectum?

A

Cow

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12
Q

Aside from the mare, where does ovulation occur on the ovary, and in what type of covering?

A

All over surface

Germinal epithelium

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13
Q

The suspensory ligament of the ovary is found only in _______.

A

Carnivores

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14
Q

Position of Mare’s Ovaries

A
  • Sublumbar attachment of mesovarium
  • Level of rectum
  • Suspended from 5th lumbar vertebrae
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15
Q

Position of Ruminant Ovaries

A
  • Ventral to brim of pelvis

- Suspended from dorsolateral abdominal wall

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16
Q

Position of Sow Ovaries

A

Mobile ovaries w/ extensive mesovarium

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17
Q

Position of dog ovaries

A

Caudal vagina/uterus are ventral to descending colon

Cranial uterus and ovary are dorsal to descending colon (but caudal to kidneys)

Suspensory ligament connects ovaries near last rib

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18
Q

Proper ligament and ovarian bursa in the mare

A

Proper ligament = b/t mesovarium and mesosalphinx; from edge of mesovarium to distal tip of uterine horn

Ovarian bursa does not cover ovary

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19
Q

Where does proper ligament attach in ruminants and pigs?

A

Caudal edge of ovary to mesometrium

20
Q

Where does proper ligament attach in cats and dogs?

A

Caudal ovary to tip of uterine horn

21
Q

The ovary slides in and out of its bursa in ____ and ____s.

A

Ruminants and pigs

22
Q

The ____ has a complete ovarian bursa whereas the ____ has none.

A

Dog

Cat

23
Q

Fertilization take place in which part of the uterine tube?

A

Ampulla

24
Q

Sperm is stored in which part of the uterine tube?

A

Isthmus

25
Q

Describe the mare oviduct

A
  • Infundibulum attaches to ovary (unique)
  • Abrupt change in size in the uterotuberal junction
  • Sphincter at UTJ that lets only fertilized ova pass (unique)
26
Q

Describe the ruminant oviduct

A

Gradual decrease in diameter

Difficult to demarcate uterotuberal junction (UTJ)

27
Q

Describe sow oviduct

A

Long and tortuous
Large diameter/ampulla
ABRUPT change in size at UTJ

28
Q

Which species has a very large uterus body?

A

Horse

29
Q

2 features of the ruminant uterus include:

A
  1. Intrercornual Ligament

2. Caruncles (placentomes)

30
Q

Describe the cervix and AI in mares

A

Longitudinal folds

AI = easy

31
Q

Describe the cervix and AI in the ruminants

A

Cow: 3-4 plica circulares before vagina
Doe: 3-5 plica circulares w/ longitudinal folds
Ewe: 4-6 plica circulares that interdigitate

AI is very hard in ewe

32
Q

Describe the cervix of the sow

A

Pulvini cervicales = interdigitating prominences (more than in the ewe)

NO fornix

33
Q

Describe the vagina of the mare

A
  • Longitudinal folds
  • Fornix present
  • Retroperitoneal and peritoneal portions
  • Vestibulo-vaginal ring (from hymen)
34
Q

Describe the vagina of the cow

A
  • Longitudinal and TRANSVERSE folds (transverse is in cranial vagina)
35
Q

Which animals have a suburethral diverticulum in the floor of the vestibule?

A

Ruminants and sows

36
Q

Which animals do NOT have vestibular glands?

A

Goat and dog
(However, dog has vestibular BULBS involved in “tie”; swell like CORPUS SPONGIOSUM of penis. Goats may or may not have vestibular bulbs. Horses always have vestibular bulbs)

37
Q

Which animal has the most prominent vestibular glands?

A

Cow

38
Q

What are vestibular glands analogous to in the male?

A

Bulbourethral glands

39
Q

What are vestibular bulbs analogous to in the male?

A

Corpus spongiosum

40
Q

The ovarian artery is a branch of which vessel in large animals?

A

The aorta

41
Q

The uterine artery branches from the _____ in ruminants and pigs and from the ____ in the mare.

A

Ruminants/pigs - INTERNAL iliac

Horse - EXTERNAL iliac

42
Q

The artery of the clitoris branches off of the _____ in most species, but branches from the _____ in the horse.

A

Most species - internal pudendal

Horse - obturator

43
Q

In order, describe the vasculature to the uterus in the dog and cat

A

Ihop Pancakes are Very Unhealthy

  1. Internal iliac
  2. Internal pudendal
  3. Vaginal
  4. Uterine
44
Q

The ovaries of which two species have only a single ovulation?

A

Horse and cow

45
Q

The oviducts of which two species exhibit an ABRUPT change in size at the uterotuberal junction?

A

Horse (sphincter at UTJ)

Pig (no sphincter)

46
Q

Name one unique feature of the inner surface of the mare’s uterus.

A

Endometrial glands

47
Q

The vaginas of which two species contain reminants of the hymen?

A

Horse (vestibule-vaginal ring)

Pig

Anatomy III (5 decks)

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