Female Reproductive System Flashcards
What is the production of female gametes (ova) called?
Oogenesis
What do the ovaries produce?
-Produce ova
-Secrete hormones - estradiol, estrone, estriol, progesterone, inhibin, relaxin
What are the different regions of the ovaries?
-Ovarian stroma - body of ovary
-Ovarian cortex - superficial region where oogenesis occurs, occurs within follicles
-Tunica albuginea - superficial cotex
-Ovarian medulla - highly vascular and contains hilus cells
What do the fallopian tubes do?
-Conduct ova from ovaries to uterine cavity
-Site of fertilisation of ova by spermatozoa
What are the fallopian tubes covered and supported by?
-Covered by peritoneum and supported by portion of broad ligament
What are the 4 regions of the fallopian tubes?
-Infundibulum - funnel shaped opening at distal end of uterine tube
-Fimbriae - finger like ciliated projections that extend from edges of infundibulum
-Ampulla - expansion at distal end that connects tubes to infundibulum
-Isthmus - found at promixal end of tube - constricted region that connects tube to uterus
What does the serosal layer and broad ligament in the fallopian tubes have?
A surface lining of mesothelium
What are the 3 regions of the uterus?
-Body - main region
-Fundus - rounded region superior to entrance to fallopian tubes)
-Cervix - narrow neck
What are the 3 layers of the uterine wall?
-Perimetrium - outermost layer and extension of parietal peritoneum
-Myometrium - middle layer composed of bundles of SM
-Endometrium - intermost layer that lines uterine cavity- composed of simple epithelium
What is the endometrium of the uterine wall made of?
-Stratum basalis
-Stratum spongiosm
-Stratum compactum
What is the endocervical canal vs ectocervical canal lined by?
Endo- single layer of tall columnar mucus-secreting cells
Ecto- thick stratified squamous epithelium
-Bulk of cervix is composed of tough collagenous tissue w few smooth muscle cells
What are the transverse ridges that line the vagina wall called?
Rugae
What kind of epithelium is the vaginal mucosa composed of?
Stratified squamous epithelium - able to withstand fdrictional forces and mucus provides lubrication
What are mammary galnds?
-Modified sweat glands
-Produce milk for newborns
-Each mammary gland is found within hypodermis and enclosed in breast
-Breast is superficial to pectolarlis major muscles of chest wall
What is each breast divided into?
-15-25 independent glandular units called lobes
-Lobes are embedded in adipose tissue which is subdivided by collangenous septa
-Laciferous duct drains each lobe via separate opening on the nipple
