Female reproductive organs

Question 1

what makes up the female reproductive system?

Answer 1

• Uterus • Fallopian tubes • Vagina • Ovaries

Question 2

what makes up the birth canal?

Answer 2

-Cervix -Vulva -Vagina

Question 3

What are the different parts of the uterus?

Answer 3

Question 4

Describe the position of the uterus wrt to the vagina

Answer 4

Anteverted: rotated forward- towards anterior surface of body

-Anteflexed: Flexed towards anterior surface of body

Question 5

what happens when the position of the uterus is different to usual?

Answer 5

when retroverted/retroflexed:

May increase pressure on bladder

Increased difficulty during urinating

Question 6

Describe the histological layers of the uterus?

Answer 6

• Perimetrium: outer serous layer
• Myometrium: middle muscular layer
• Endometrium: Inner mucous layer

Question 7

Upper and lower segments of the uterus

Answer 7

Question 8

Function of the broad ligament

Answer 8

double layer of peritoneum which attaches the sides of the uterus to the pelvis

Question 9

Function of the round ligament

Answer 9

uterine horns to the labia majora via the inguinal canal

Question 10

Function of the ovarian ligament

Answer 10

ovaries to uterus

Question 11

Function of the cardinal ligament

Answer 11

cervix of uterus to the lateral pelvic walls

Question 12

Function of suspensory ligaments of ovary

Answer 12

ovaries to wall of perineum

Question 13

Rectouterine pouch - other name

-function?

Answer 13

Pouch of Douglas

Behind posterior wall of uterus

In front of anterior wall of rectum

Question 14

Vescicouterine pouch- where is it?

Answer 14

Behind posterior wall of bladder and in front of anterior wall of uteus

Question 15

Describe the different part of the fallopian tube?

Answer 15

Fimbrae : capture the ovum from the surface of the ovary

• Infundibulum
• Ampulla : widest section of the fallopian tubes. Fertilisation usually occurs here
• Isthmus: narrowest section of the uterine tubes. Connects the fallopian tube to the uterine cavity.

Question 16

What is an ectopic pregnancy

Answer 16

Pregnancy where the fetus is outside of the uterus

Question 17

What is a cornual pregnancy

Answer 17

pregnancy inside the uterine cavity where the fallopian tube meets the uterus

Question 18

Clinical aspects regarding the ovaries?

Answer 18

Can be displaced during pregnancy

After menopause become atrophied and fibrous

Question 19

What does the vagina form where it meets the cervix?

Answer 19

2 domes : anterior and posterior fornix

Question 20

what is the importance of the posterior fornix?

Answer 20

Acts like a natural reservoir for semen after intravaginal ejaculation. The semen retained in the fornix liquefies in the next 20-30 mins, allowing for easier permeation through the cervical canal.