Female Reproductive

Question 1

At what days must the implant be inserted for immediate effect?

Answer 1

Days 1-5 anything after requires 7 days of precaution

Question 2

Leydig cells are found where in females? And produce what hormone?

Answer 2

Ovaries

Testosterone

Question 3

What HRT is best in women with a history of clots

Answer 3

Transdermal HRT patches

Question 4

Uterine polyps pathophysiology and RF’s

Answer 4

Uterine polyps are growths that are attached to the lining of the endometrium. Usually benign although some can be cancerous. Polyps are most common in females who are going through or have completed menopause. Uterine polyps are oestrogen sensitive.

RF’s:
Peri menopausal or post menopausal 
Hypertension 
Obesity 
Tamoxifen

Question 5

Uterine polyps signs and symptoms

Answer 5

Irregular menstrual bleeding 
Bleeding between menstrual periods 
Menorrhagia 
Vaginal bleeding after menopause 
Infertility

Question 6

Uterine polyps diagnosis and management

Answer 6

Transnational ultrasound
Hysteroscopy
Endometrial biopsy

Treatment:
Watch and wait
Medication
Surgical removal

Question 7

PID pathophysiology and RF’s

Answer 7

PID is inflammation and infection of the organs in the pelvis, caused by infection spreading through the cervix. It is a significant cause of tubular infertility and chronic pelvic pain. Mainly caused by Gonorrhoeae or chlamydia

RF’s 
Not using barrier contraception 
Multiple sex partners 
Younger age 
Existing STI 
Previous PID 
Intrauterine device

Question 8

PID presentation and examination

Answer 8

Pelvic/lower abdo pain 
Abnormal vaginal discharge 
Abnormal bleeding (Intermenstrual, post coital)
Dyspareunia 
Fever 
Dysuria 

O/E
Pelvic tenderness 
Cervical motion tenderness 
Inflamed cervix 
Purulent discharge

Question 9

PID investigations

Answer 9

Vaginal swabs 
HIV test 
Syphilis test 
HVS
Pregnancy test 
Inflammatory markers

Question 10

PID management

Answer 10

Empirical antibiotics

Intramuscular ceftriaxone 1g to cover gonorrhoea
Doxycycline 100mg twice daily for 14 days to cover chlamydia

Question 11

Most common cause of post menopausal bleeding

Answer 11

Vaginal atrophy

Question 12

What drug is used as first line treatment for infertility in PCOS

Answer 12

Clomifene citrate

Question 13

Clomifene citrate is used for what?

Answer 13

First line treatment of infertility in woman with pcos