Female Reproduction Flashcards
(def) Primary sex organ that produces eggs and hormones
Ovary
What is ovulation?
Follicle ruptures and releases an egg
What is the order of CA, CH, and CL?
CH - CL - CA
What is the corpus hemorrhagicum?
Site formerly occupied by the ovum is filled with blood
What is the corpus luteum?
If pregnant, the CH is filled with cells and produces a CL to secrete progesterone to maintain pregnancy
What is the corpus albicans?
If pregnancy does not occur, the CL regresses to form a CA
What is the site of fertilization?
Oviducts (fallopian tubes)
What is the infundibulum?
A funnel to pick up ovulated egg
What is the site of placental, embryotic and fetal development, also produces prostaglandin?
Uterus
(def) Connects the uterus to the vagina, most of the time is closed but opens when sperm comes in or egg comes out
Cervix
(def) Copulatory organ, birth canal
Vagina
(def) External genitalia, only part you can see
Vulva
What does the GnRH do?
Stimulates LH and FSH release
What does FSH do (female)?
Stimulates growth of follicles, additional FSH through injections can stimulate multiple ovulations
What does LH do (female)?
Causes follicle to rupture and CL to form, OVULATION
What does prolactin do?
Initiates and maintains lactation
What does oxytocin do?
Stimulates uterine contractions, milk letdown, and egg laying. Injections help animals having problems with milk let downs
Gonadal hormones are produced by the _________.
Ovary
Where is estrogen produced?
Progesterone?
Relaxin?
E: follicle on the ovary
P: corpus luteum
R: Ovaries or placenta
What does estrogen do?
Develops secondary sex characteristics and general appearance, prepares uterus for pregnancy
What does progesterone do?
Prevents ovulation (if you have pregnancy), maintains pregnancy
What does relaxin do?
Causes relaxation of cartilage to help with birth, allows cervix to open
Difference between estrus and estrous?
Estrus: the animal is in heat
Estrous: One ovulation to the next, cycle
Who uses a diffuse placenta?
Mare and sow
What and who uses a cotyledonary placenta?
Cow and ewe
Placenta actually attaches to mother, better for growing
Function of placenta?
Transmission of nutrients, wastes, protection from shock, prevention of bacteria, and secretion of hormones
(T/F) Placenta comes from mother
False, it comes from the fetus
What animals have shortest/longest estrous cycle?
Short: Ewe
Long: Mare, cow, sow
What animals have shortest/longest estrus period?
Short: Cow
Long: Mare
What animals have shortest/longest gestation?
Short: Sow (114 days)
Long: Mare (11 mo)
