Digestion Flashcards
What is the formula for digestion?
Digestion = (amount digested)/(amount consumed) x 100
AKA (in-out)/(in)
What is TDN?
Digestible protein + digestible crude fiber + (digestible fat x 2.25) + nitrogen-free extract.
This estimates energy yeild.
What is gross energy?
Digestible energy plus fecal energy
What animal has protein requirement met by digestion of bacteria?
A cow
True growth is an increase in what?
Increase in Protein
What age hen lays the most eggs?
- 1 year old or 3 year old
1 year old
What hormone increases bone growth?
Testosterone
What animal has more marbling?
- Steer or bull
Bull
What classifies a monogastric animal?
One hoof, no cloves, horse and rabbit
What classifies a ruminant animal?
Cloved hooves, cattle, sheep, goats
(def) The breakdown of food in preparation for absorption
Digestion
What does HCl do in the stomach?
Denatures proteins
What aids in fat digestion?
Bile in the small intestines
What is enzymatic action?
Responsive to diet, more food more activity
(T/F) Microorganisms produce enzymes in ruminants (they digest food)
True
(def) Various processes that allow small molecules to pass through the membranes of the GI tract into the blood o lymph system
Absorption
Where is salivary amylase produced?
The mouth, start of digestion
(def) Super long, tubular, absorbs nutrients, creates small particles, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
Small intestine
(def) Large undegraded particles and water, cecum/colon/rectum, cecum and colon absorb H2O and store what doesn’t get absorbed
Large intestine
What is different about a horse’s large intestine?
They have 4 sections, cecum and colon contain bacteria that produce VFA’s through fermentation
(T/F) Horses need a diet of little forage plus lots of grain
False, they need forage plus little grain
What is the site for storage, soaking, physical mixing, and breakdown?
Rumen
What does the omasum do?
Involved in water absorption and reduces particle size
(T/F) Bacteria digests cellulose converting them to VFA’s
True
What is the true stomach in ruminants?
Abomasum
What is the esophageal groove?
A passage extending from esophageal opening to the omasum allowing milk to bypass the reticulo-rumen and fermentation in suckling animals
What is acidosis?
Rapid breakdown of high energy feeds causing reduced rumen pH
(T/F) A cooler environment is more ideal for digetion
True
(T/F) Heating food increases digestibility
True
Why are antibiotics good?
They selectively kill bad bacteria which allows good bacteria to do more
What factors affect the efficiency of conversion?
Age (younger are more efficient), weight (lighter better), and some animals just have better genes
