Digestion

Question 1

What is the formula for digestion?

Answer 1

Digestion = (amount digested)/(amount consumed) x 100
AKA (in-out)/(in)

Question 2

What is TDN?

Answer 2

Digestible protein + digestible crude fiber + (digestible fat x 2.25) + nitrogen-free extract.
This estimates energy yeild.

Question 3

What is gross energy?

Answer 3

Digestible energy plus fecal energy

Question 4

What animal has protein requirement met by digestion of bacteria?

Answer 4

A cow

Question 5

True growth is an increase in what?

Answer 5

Increase in Protein

Question 6

What age hen lays the most eggs?
- 1 year old or 3 year old

Answer 6

1 year old

Question 7

What hormone increases bone growth?

Answer 7

Testosterone

Question 8

What animal has more marbling?
- Steer or bull

Answer 8

Bull

Question 9

What classifies a monogastric animal?

Answer 9

One hoof, no cloves, horse and rabbit

Question 10

What classifies a ruminant animal?

Answer 10

Cloved hooves, cattle, sheep, goats

Question 11

(def) The breakdown of food in preparation for absorption

Answer 11

Digestion

Question 12

What does HCl do in the stomach?

Answer 12

Denatures proteins

Question 13

What aids in fat digestion?

Answer 13

Bile in the small intestines

Question 14

What is enzymatic action?

Answer 14

Responsive to diet, more food more activity

Question 15

(T/F) Microorganisms produce enzymes in ruminants (they digest food)

Answer 15

True

Question 16

(def) Various processes that allow small molecules to pass through the membranes of the GI tract into the blood o lymph system

Answer 16

Absorption

Question 17

Where is salivary amylase produced?

Answer 17

The mouth, start of digestion

Question 18

(def) Super long, tubular, absorbs nutrients, creates small particles, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum

Answer 18

Small intestine

Question 19

(def) Large undegraded particles and water, cecum/colon/rectum, cecum and colon absorb H2O and store what doesn’t get absorbed

Answer 19

Large intestine

Question 20

What is different about a horse’s large intestine?

Answer 20

They have 4 sections, cecum and colon contain bacteria that produce VFA’s through fermentation

Question 21

(T/F) Horses need a diet of little forage plus lots of grain

Answer 21

False, they need forage plus little grain

Question 22

What is the site for storage, soaking, physical mixing, and breakdown?

Answer 22

Rumen

Question 23

What does the omasum do?

Answer 23

Involved in water absorption and reduces particle size

Question 24

(T/F) Bacteria digests cellulose converting them to VFA’s

Answer 24

True

Question 25

What is the true stomach in ruminants?

Answer 25

Abomasum

Question 26

What is the esophageal groove?

Answer 26

A passage extending from esophageal opening to the omasum allowing milk to bypass the reticulo-rumen and fermentation in suckling animals

Question 27

What is acidosis?

Answer 27

Rapid breakdown of high energy feeds causing reduced rumen pH

Question 28

(T/F) A cooler environment is more ideal for digetion

Answer 28

True

Question 29

(T/F) Heating food increases digestibility

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Why are antibiotics good?

Answer 30

They selectively kill bad bacteria which allows good bacteria to do more

Question 31

What factors affect the efficiency of conversion?

Answer 31

Age (younger are more efficient), weight (lighter better), and some animals just have better genes