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MRCS revision > Female Re-pro > Flashcards

Female Re-pro Flashcards

1
Q

what are the Labia Majora derived from Embryologically?

A

Labioscrotal Swellings

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2
Q

What are the Labia minora Embryologically derived from?

A

Urethral folds

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3
Q

What is the Mons Pubis?

A

Subcutaneous fat pad located anteiror to the pubic symphysis

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4
Q

what tissue forms the clitoris? and what is it Embryologically derived from?

A

Erectile Corpora Cavernosa

derived from genital tubercle

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5
Q

what is the lymph drainage of the external genitalia in a female?

A

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

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6
Q

what is the arterial supply to the vulva?

A

internal pudendal arteries = internal iliac artery

external pudendal arteries = femoral artery

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7
Q

what is the inovation of the anterior aspect of the external vagina?

A

ilioinguinal nerve
genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve

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8
Q

what is the inovation o fthe posterior aspect of the etxternal vagina

A

pudendal nerve

posterior cutanous nere of the thigh

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9
Q

what strains of HPV can cause carcinoma?

A

16 & 18

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10
Q

what lies lateral to the vagina?

A

Levator Ani

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11
Q

what are the four histological layers of the vagina?

A

internal –> external

stratified squamous epithelium

elastic lamina propria - dense connective tissue, projects papillae into the overlying epithelium.

fibromuscular layer - inner circular and outer longitudinal layer

adventivia - fiberous

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12
Q

What is the arterial suppy to the vagina?

A

uterine and vaginal arteries, branches of the internal iliac artery.

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13
Q

venous drainge of the vagina

A

Vaginal venous plexus drains into the internal iliac veins

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14
Q

what is the lymphatic drainage of the vagina?

A

superior - external iliac nodes

middle - internal iliac nodes

inferior - superficial inguinal nodes

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15
Q
A
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16
Q

what are the two regions of the cervix?

A

Ectocervix - projects into the vagina, stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium

endocervical canal - inner part of the cervix. Lined by mucus sectreting simple columnar epithelium.

17
Q

what is the junction between the ectocervix and teh endocerical canal?

A

The external Os

18
Q

what part of the cervix is visable on a speculum?

A

The ectocervix and then external os

19
Q

what are the two main clasifications of cervical cancer?

A

squamous cell carcinoma - epithelial lining of ectocervix

adenocarcinoma - glands within the cervix

20
Q

What are the sections of the uterus?

A

Fundus
Body
Cervix

21
Q

What are teh three tissue layers of the uterus?

A

peritoneum - perimetrium, continous with abdo peritoneum

myometrium - thick smooth muscel layer

Endometrium - inner mucous membrane

22
Q

what are the two layers of the endometrium?

A

seep stratum basalis - changes little during the cycle

superficial stratum functionalis - shed during the cycle

23
Q

what is the broad ligament

A

attaches the sides of the uterus to the pelvis.

24
Q

what is the round ligament?

A

remnant of the gubernaculum

extends from the uterine horns to the labia majora via the inguinal canal.

25
Q

In what ligament is the uterine artery and vein found?

A

teh cardinal ligament,
extends from the cervix to the lateral pelvis.

26
Q

where is the uterosacral ligament found?

A

extends from the cervix to the sacrum.

27
Q

where does the uterine artery cross the ureters?

A

Approx 1cm laterally to the internal os

water under the bridge

28
Q
A
29
Q

What ligament can the fallopian tubes be found?

A

upper border of the broad ligament.

30
Q

what are two ways the mircro anatomy of the fallopian tube help to move the egg along?

A
  1. ciliated columnar epithelium
  2. smooth muscel layer contracts
31
Q

what are the four parts of the fallopian tube?

A

Lateral –> medial

Fimbriae - finger-like, catch the egg from the ovary

Infundibulum - funnel-shaped opening

Ampulla - fertilisation typically happens here

Isthmus - narrow, connect to uterus

32
Q

what part of the fallopian tubes does fertilisation typically happen?

A

Ampulla

33
Q

What are the three main histlogical features of the ovary?

A

Surface - simple cuboidal epithelium

cortex - nuerous ovarian follicles

medulla - rich neurovascular network, connects to the hillum

34
Q

what is more medial? the ligament of ovary or the suspensory ligament of ovary?

A

ligament of ovary, connects the ovary to the fundus of uterus.

suspensory - connects the ovary to the pelivc wall

35
Q
A
36
Q

arterial supply to the ovary?

A

ovarian artery which arises from the abdo aorta, inferior to the renal.

37
Q

venous drainage of the uterus?

A

ovarian veins
R - direct to IVC
L - Left renal vein

38
Q

what lymph nodes drain the ovary?

A

para-aortic nodes

MRCS revision (10 decks)

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