Female Re-pro Flashcards
what are the Labia Majora derived from Embryologically?
Labioscrotal Swellings
What are the Labia minora Embryologically derived from?
Urethral folds
What is the Mons Pubis?
Subcutaneous fat pad located anteiror to the pubic symphysis
what tissue forms the clitoris? and what is it Embryologically derived from?
Erectile Corpora Cavernosa
derived from genital tubercle
what is the lymph drainage of the external genitalia in a female?
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
what is the arterial supply to the vulva?
internal pudendal arteries = internal iliac artery
external pudendal arteries = femoral artery
what is the inovation of the anterior aspect of the external vagina?
ilioinguinal nerve
genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve
what is the inovation o fthe posterior aspect of the etxternal vagina
pudendal nerve
posterior cutanous nere of the thigh
what strains of HPV can cause carcinoma?
16 & 18
what lies lateral to the vagina?
Levator Ani
what are the four histological layers of the vagina?
internal –> external
stratified squamous epithelium
elastic lamina propria - dense connective tissue, projects papillae into the overlying epithelium.
fibromuscular layer - inner circular and outer longitudinal layer
adventivia - fiberous
What is the arterial suppy to the vagina?
uterine and vaginal arteries, branches of the internal iliac artery.
venous drainge of the vagina
Vaginal venous plexus drains into the internal iliac veins
what is the lymphatic drainage of the vagina?
superior - external iliac nodes
middle - internal iliac nodes
inferior - superficial inguinal nodes
what are the two regions of the cervix?
Ectocervix - projects into the vagina, stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium
endocervical canal - inner part of the cervix. Lined by mucus sectreting simple columnar epithelium.
what is the junction between the ectocervix and teh endocerical canal?
The external Os
what part of the cervix is visable on a speculum?
The ectocervix and then external os
what are the two main clasifications of cervical cancer?
squamous cell carcinoma - epithelial lining of ectocervix
adenocarcinoma - glands within the cervix
What are the sections of the uterus?
Fundus
Body
Cervix
What are teh three tissue layers of the uterus?
peritoneum - perimetrium, continous with abdo peritoneum
myometrium - thick smooth muscel layer
Endometrium - inner mucous membrane
what are the two layers of the endometrium?
seep stratum basalis - changes little during the cycle
superficial stratum functionalis - shed during the cycle
what is the broad ligament
attaches the sides of the uterus to the pelvis.
what is the round ligament?
remnant of the gubernaculum
extends from the uterine horns to the labia majora via the inguinal canal.
In what ligament is the uterine artery and vein found?
teh cardinal ligament,
extends from the cervix to the lateral pelvis.
where is the uterosacral ligament found?
extends from the cervix to the sacrum.
where does the uterine artery cross the ureters?
Approx 1cm laterally to the internal os
water under the bridge
What ligament can the fallopian tubes be found?
upper border of the broad ligament.
what are two ways the mircro anatomy of the fallopian tube help to move the egg along?
- ciliated columnar epithelium
- smooth muscel layer contracts
what are the four parts of the fallopian tube?
Lateral –> medial
Fimbriae - finger-like, catch the egg from the ovary
Infundibulum - funnel-shaped opening
Ampulla - fertilisation typically happens here
Isthmus - narrow, connect to uterus
what part of the fallopian tubes does fertilisation typically happen?
Ampulla
What are the three main histlogical features of the ovary?
Surface - simple cuboidal epithelium
cortex - nuerous ovarian follicles
medulla - rich neurovascular network, connects to the hillum
what is more medial? the ligament of ovary or the suspensory ligament of ovary?
ligament of ovary, connects the ovary to the fundus of uterus.
suspensory - connects the ovary to the pelivc wall
arterial supply to the ovary?
ovarian artery which arises from the abdo aorta, inferior to the renal.
venous drainage of the uterus?
ovarian veins
R - direct to IVC
L - Left renal vein
what lymph nodes drain the ovary?
para-aortic nodes
