Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Reproductive > Female Physiology > Flashcards

Female Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pathway from the primordial follicle to the corpus luteum?

A

primordial follicle –> primary follicle –> formation of theca layers –> formation of antrum –> vesicular follicles –> mature follicle –> ovum with corona radiate –> corpus luteum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What follicle is the mature follicle that is ovulated?

A

Graafian follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What meotic phase is the primary follicle arrested in?

A

Prophase I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When the Graffian follicle is relased, what meotic phase it arrested in?

A

Prophase/metaphase II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What happens to the ovarian target cells under the stimulation of FSH and LH?

A

increase the cells rates of secretion and the growth/proliferation of the cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

On wha day of the ovarian cycle is there ovulation?

A

14th day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the main H that is secreted during the growth of the follicles?

A

Estrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does estrogen do to FSH and LH levels?

A

Inhibits their release by a neg feedback on the ant pit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 2 main H’s released by the corpus luteum?

A

Progestrone and Estrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What happens to FSH and LH levels once the corpus luteum degenerates?

A

they spike

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

At what day does the FSH and LH levels spike?

A

day 14 (Ovulation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which phase does progesterone dominate, where it has a large bell curve?

A

Luteal phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which H inhibits the secretion of FSH and LH, other than Estrogen?

A

Inhibin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Most of the time, E has negative feedback for LH and FSH, but what cahnges before ovulation?

A

It has a positive feedback –> preovulatory surge of LH –> ovulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What H causes ↑ inhibitory effect of estrogen?

A

progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the type of release of GnRH, is it constant or pulsatile?

A

Pulsatile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

In what amounts is estrogen inhibitory to the production of LH and FSH?

A

Small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

So high levels of estrogen do what on the ant pit?

A

Stimualtory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the effects of LH on the ovary?

A

Ovulation and subsequent development of and secretion by the corpus luteum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What happens to E, P and inhibin levels once the corpus luteum regresses into nothing?

A

They drop to a low ebb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Once they E, P, and I levels drop, what happens to FSH and levels?

A

They increase to as much as 2-fold.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The new rise of LH and FSH cause what to happen?

A

they initiate a new ovarian follicle to grow and progressive increase of estrogen to grow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

During the ovarian phase, what stimulates the follicle to give rise to theca?

A

FSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What theca forms additional P and E?

A

Theca interna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What does the theca externa fomr?

A

capsule of the developing follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

After early proliferative growth, the follicular fluid with high E causes what to appear within the mass of granulosa cells?

A

Antrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Once the antral follicle grows, how many follicles (from the original 6-12) grows?

A

only 1

prevents more than 1 child from developing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What H is required for the final follicular growth and ovulation?

A

LH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Which H maintains the endometrial lining?

A

Progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What are the 2 ways that LH causes ovulation?

A
  1. Theca externa release proteolytic enzymes from the lysosomes
  2. follicle swelling from rapid growth f blood vessels into follicle wall
31
Q

What is released by the theca cells after ovulation, which are eventually converted to E?

A

Androstenedione and T

32
Q

What does the corpus luteum become 7-8 days after ovualtion?

A

it involutes to become corpus albicans

33
Q

During the proliferative phase, what cells proliferate from the influence of E?

A

Stromal cells

34
Q

After ovulation has occured, what H causes the prolfieration of endometrium? which one causes swelling and secretion?

A

E- prolifereation

P- swelling/secretion

35
Q

What are the uterine tube fingers that grab the ovum?

A

Fimbrae

36
Q

What does the ovum express after being ovulatedd?

A

Corona radiata

radiating crown

37
Q

Which H stimulates the ciliae of the fimbrae to beat towards the opening of the fallopian tube?

A

E

38
Q

Again, what does the seminal fluid contain to cause reverse peritalsis of the uterus/tubes to move sperm to the ampulla?

A

Prostaglandins

39
Q

Which H helps contract the uterus during female orgasm to help sperm move along?

A

Oxytocin

40
Q

Where in the tube does fertilization typically occur?

A

Ampulla

41
Q

What do the sperm first bind to on the ovum?

A

Zona pellucida

42
Q

What is the process called where sperm inhibitory factors are washed away, the acrosome weakens, and the sperm becomes more permeable to Ca++?

A

Capacitation

43
Q

What 2 things does Ca++ do in the sperm once it enters?

A
  1. flagella whip harder

2. release of enzymes to penetrate the ovum (ZP)

44
Q

What enzyme released from the acrosome depolymerizes the granulosa cells?

A

Hyaluronidase

45
Q

What acrosome enzymes digests the ZP?

A

Proteolytic enzymes

46
Q

This is the process where the release of cortical granules from teh egg prevents polyspermy (sounds like an underground porn title) so you cant have more than 1 sperm fuse to the egg?

A

Cortical rxn

metapod used Harden!

47
Q

How long does it take to transport the fertilized ovum to the uterus?

A

3-5 days

48
Q

Which H from the corpus luteum promotes relaxation of the tubes and allows the ovum to enter the uterus?

A

P

49
Q

What type of cell cluster is implanted into the uterus?

A

Blastocyte

50
Q

How many days after fertilization does implantation occur?

A

5-7 d

51
Q

Implantation causes what cells to develop over the surface of the blastocyte, which secrete proteolytic enzymes to help implantation?

A

Trophoblast cells

52
Q

What do the trophoblast cells proliferate and form for the embryo?

A

Placenta

53
Q

What are the 4 H’s produced by the placenta?

A

hCG, E, P and human chorionic somatomamotropin (hCS)

54
Q

What H is hCG an analog of?

A

LH

55
Q

What does hCG do to the corpus luteum at the end of a womans menstral cycle?

A

prevents involution of the corpus luteum

56
Q

If the corpus luteum doesnt involute, what does it still produce?

A

E and P

57
Q

The continued production E and P from the corpus luteum prevents what process to occur?

A

prevents menstation, and causes the endometrium to continue to grow and store large amts of nutrients.

58
Q

True or False: Estrogen is made de novo in the placenta.

A

False

they are formed from androgenic steroid compounds

59
Q

The mother and fetus make what 2 hormones, which eventually teach the syncytial trophoblast to be converted to estrogens (estradiol, estrone, estriol)?

A

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)

16-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone (16-hydroxy DHEA)

60
Q

What H is secreted in moderate amounts at the beginning of pregnancy but then secreted later in tremendous amounts?

A

P

61
Q

Which H stimulates uterine contractility and relaxes pelvic ligaments for an easier delivery?

A

E

62
Q

Which H increase the intensity of uterine contractions, induces labor (E2), and decreases P (F2a)?

A

PG’s

63
Q

Which H increases uterine contraction near term?

A

Oxytocin

64
Q

What 3 things cause an ↑ OXT response?

A

↑ R’s
↑ secretion
+ feedback from cervical stretching

65
Q

Which H relaxes the ligaments of the pubic symphysis in rats and gunea pigs?

A

Relaxin

66
Q

What is the most common sacral somatic dysfunction post partum?

A

building ability power bruiser with no CDR

67
Q

Which H produces enlargement of the breasts by ↑ fat in stroma and growth of the breast ductal structure?

A

E

68
Q

Which H causes additional growth of breast lobules with budding alveoli and development of secretory characteristics in the cells of the alveoli?

A

P

69
Q

What does E and P do to the production of milk before pregnancy?

A

Inhibit it

70
Q

Which H has the opposite effect of E and P, which increases in pregnancy?

A

PRL

71
Q

Why do babies have to suck for 30 mins before milk starts flowing?

A

Milk has to eb ejected from the alveoli to the ducts

72
Q

Sucking on the nipples stimulates the anterior pit to release what H?

A

PRL

73
Q

Which H causes contraction of myoepithelial cells in the breast after stimulation by suckling?

A

OXT

74
Q

Most birth control pills have E and P, which ihibit what H’s to spike in the menstrual cycle?

A

FSH and LH

Reproductive (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions