Anatomy

Question 1

This is the “pelvis” that is the superior region related to upper parts of the pelvic bones and lower vertebrae, and is generally considered part of the abdomen.

Answer 1

False pelvis (greater pelvis)

Question 2

What are the 3 parts of the pelvic cavity?

Answer 2

Pelvic inlet
Walls
Floor

Question 3

What is the thign that is inferior to the floor of the pelvic cavity and its boundaries form the pelvic outet?

Answer 3

Perineum

Question 4

What are the 2 anchoring points for the roots of the external genitalia?

Answer 4

1. Bony margin of the anterior half of the pelvic outlet

2. A thick, fibrous, perineal membrane, which fills the area.

Question 5

What is the relationship between the uterine a and the ureter?

Answer 5

Ureter passes under the uterine a.

water under the bridge

Question 6

What does the ureter pass over in men (don’t say uterine a)?

Answer 6

Vas deferens

Question 7

What are the 2 angles that are part opf the penile part of the urethera?

Answer 7

1. Fixed angle where the urethra enters the root of the penis after passing through the perineal membrane
2. when the penis curves when limp.

Question 8

What is the posterior, lateral, and anterior boundaries of the pelvic inlet?

Answer 8

Post- sacral promontory
Laterally- alae
Anteriorly- pubic synphysis

Question 9

Which ligament divides the greater and lesser sciatic foramen?

Answer 9

sacrospinous

Question 10

What are the 2 muscles that form the walls of the pelvis?

Answer 10

Obturator internus and piriformis

Question 11

What is the course of the pudendal n in the pelvis?

Answer 11

exits greater sciatic foramen –> hooks AROUND the ischial spine –> re-enters lesser sciatic foramen –> pudendal canal

Question 12

What are the boundaries to the pelvic outlet?

Answer 12

Anterior- pubic symphysis

laterally- ischial tubes (ischiopubic ramus connects to symphysis)

posteriorly- coccyx (sacrotuberous connects it to tubes)

Question 13

This is the muscle group that attaches peripherally to the pelvic walls and joins in the midline by a connective tissue raphe.

Answer 13

Levator ani mm.

Question 14

Pelvic diaphragm = levator ani + ____________

Answer 14

coccygeus

Question 15

What divides the urogenital and anal triangle of the perineum?

Answer 15

An imaginary line beetween the 2 tubes.

Question 16

What are the sacral spinal cord segements that innervate the dermatomes of the perineum?

Answer 16

S3-5

Question 17

What are the spinal segements for the pudendal n?

Answer 17

S2-4

Question 18

Where do you aim your needle during a transvaginal block of the pudendal n?

Answer 18

Ischial spine

Question 19

Which nn controls erection in both men and women?

Answer 19

PANS innervation from S2-4 to inferior hypogastric plexus

Question 20

What is the gap in the levator ani that allows the urethra and the vagina to pass through?

Answer 20

Urogenital hiatus

Question 21

What are the 3 parts of the levator ani, from medial –> lateral?

Answer 21

Puborectalis (PR)
Pubococcygeus (PC)
Iliococcygeus (IC)

(see how they go alphabetical?)

Question 22

Which levator ani muscle is the poop sling and tightens to not let poop out by keeping the rectum at a 90 degree angle?

Answer 22

PR

Question 23

This is when there is a collapse of the bladder into the anterior wall of the vagina; can occur also with injury to the supportive structures of the vagina.

Answer 23

Cystocele

Question 24

This is the anterior and inferior protrusion of the rectum through the vaginal wall

Answer 24

Rectocele

Question 25

This is the anterior and inferior protrusion of the rectovaginal pouch through the vaginal wall

Answer 25

Enterocele

Question 26

Which 4 muscles are contained in the deep pouch for women?

Answer 26

External urethral sphincter Sphincter urethrovaginalis (SUV) Compressor urethrae Deep transverse perineal muscle

Question 27

What is the function of the SUV and the compressor urethrae?

Answer 27

Close the urethra

Question 28

What 6 structures conenct to the perineal body?

Answer 28

``` Perineal membrane Levator ani SUV (in women) External anal sphincter Superficial transverse perineal m. Bulbospingiosus m. ```

Question 29

What surgical procedure can cut the perineal body if done midline?

Answer 29

episiotomy

Question 30

Where does lymp drain to from the testes?

Answer 30

Lumbar nodes

Question 31

What is made in the seminiferous tubules?

Answer 31

Spermatozoa

Question 32

What is the network from seminiferous tubules to the ehad of the epididymus?

Answer 32

Seminiferous tubules --> straight tubules --> rete testis --> efferent ductules --> head of epididymus

Question 33

What happens to the spermatozoa as they pass through the epididymus?

Answer 33

They mature and get their flagella

Question 34

What does the vas deferens cross over after leaving the deep inguinal ring?

Answer 34

The external iliac a/v

Question 35

What does the ejaculatory duct connect to in the prostate?

Answer 35

Prostatic urethra

Question 36

Where in the uterus does the blastocyst normally impant?

Answer 36

the body of the uterus

Question 37

What is the normal position of the uterus on the cervix and vagina?

Answer 37

Anteflexed on cervix | Anterverted on vagina (v on v)

Question 38

Where does fertilization typically occur within the uterine tube?

Answer 38

Ampulla

Question 39

What a. does the uterine a. anastamose with?

Answer 39

ovarian

Question 40

This is the condition where the foreskin cannot be retracted over the glans penis; can interfere with urinary/reproductive function

Answer 40

Phimosis

Question 41

This is the constriction of the glans penis by a tight band of foreskin; can lead to ischemia

Answer 41

Paraphimosis

Question 42

This is the buildup of scar tissue within the tunica albuginea of the penis resulting in an abnormal (painful) curvature during erection

Answer 42

Peyronie's disease

Question 43

What is the lowst point o fht female abdominal cavity, so fluid can accumulate there?

Answer 43

Rectouterine pouch

Question 44

Where should you aim yere needle if you wana drian the rectouterine pouch?

Answer 44

posterior vaginal fornix

Question 45

What venous plexes allows pelvic cancer to metastasize to vertebrae?

Answer 45

Batson's venous plexus

Question 46

What nn cause erection?

Answer 46

PANS (s2-4)

Question 47

What nn cause ejaculation?

Answer 47

sympathetic (L1-2)

Question 48

What is the most common location for an ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 48

Tubes

Question 49

What is the lymphatic drainage of the superior bladder?

Answer 49

external iliac

Question 50

What is the lymphatic drainage of the inferior bladder?

Answer 50

internal iliac

Question 51

What is the lymphatic drainage of the prostate?

Answer 51

internal iliac

Question 52

What is the lymphatic drainage of the penis (excluding glans)?

Answer 52

internal iliac

Question 53

What is the lymphatic drainage of the testes?

Answer 53

lumbar

Question 54

What is the lymphatic drainage of the perineal skin?

Answer 54

superficial inguinal

Question 55

What is the lymphatic drainage of the uterine fundus?

Answer 55

lumbar

Question 56

What is the lymphatic drainage of the upper 2/3 of the vagina?

Answer 56

internal and externial iliac, sacral

Question 57

What is the lymphatic drainage of the lower 1/3 of the vagina?

Answer 57

superficial inguinal

Question 58

This is the cyst from remnants of the mesonephros, and is between layers of the broad lig?

Answer 58

Gartners duct cyst

Question 59

In women, what separate the posterior surface of the vagina from the rectum?

Answer 59

Rectovaginal septum

Question 60

In women, which ligament connects the cervix to the anterior pelvic wall?

Answer 60

Pubocervical lig

Question 61

In women, which ligament connects the cervix to the lateral pelvic wall?

Answer 61

trasnverse cervical/cardinal lig

Question 62

In women, which ligament connects the cervix to the posterior pelvic wall?

Answer 62

uterosacral lig

Question 63

In men, what fascia surrounds the prostatic plexus of veins at the anterior and lateral region of the prostate?

Answer 63

Postatic fascia

Question 64

What is the prostatic fascia continuous with psoteriorly, which separate the psoteror surface of the prostate and the base of the bladder from the rectum?

Answer 64

Rectovesical septum

Question 65

What are the median and median umbilical folds derived from?

Answer 65

urachus and umbilical arteries

Question 66

In women, what is the shallow pouch between the bladder and the uterus?

Answer 66

vesicouterine uch

Question 67

In women, what is the large, sheet-like fold of the peritoneum, that encloses the uterine tubein its superior margin and attaches the ovary posteriorly?

Answer 67

Broad ligament

Question 68

What are the 3 parts of the broad ligament and what do they connect to?

Answer 68

Mesometrium- (metrium = uterus) Mesosalpinx- (salpinx = tube) MesOVARium- OVARy

Question 69

What is the ligament that contains the overian vessels, nerve,s and lymphatics?

Answer 69

suspensory lig of the ovary

Question 70

What are the ligment of ovary and rount lig of the uterus remnants of?

Answer 70

Gubernaculum

Question 71

What is the terminal ganglion called of the sympathetic chain?

Answer 71

Ganglion impar

Question 72

What type of SANS fibers are in the sympathetic trunks?

Answer 72

postganglionic SANS

Question 73

What do the vesical plexus innervate?

Answer 73

erectile tissues of the penis and clitoris

Question 74

In men, what are the extension sof the prostatic plexus?

Answer 74

Cavernous nerves

Question 75

What is the fxn of the sacral splanchnic nerves?

Answer 75

innervate the accessory glands --> move secretions from the epididymus to the urethra

Question 76

What fills the ischioanal fossae?

Answer 76

Fat

Question 77

What innervates the externa anal spnhicter?

Answer 77

inferior rectal branches of the pudendal n. and branches directly from s4

Question 78

What lig attaches the body of the penis to the pubic symphysis? which to the linea alba?

Answer 78

Suspensory to symphysis | Fundiform to linea alba

Question 79

Which muscles moves blood from the crua to the body of the erect penis and clitors?

Answer 79

Ischiocavernosus

Question 80

What m. surrounds the urethra and move blood from attaches parts of the clitoris and penis into the glands, and in men remove residual urine from urethra after urination, and does pulsatile emission of semen during ejaculation?

Answer 80

Bulbospongiosis

Question 81

What is teh fxn of the superficial transverse perineal m?

Answer 81

stabilize the perineal body

Question 82

What are the glands in women that are paraurethral?

Answer 82

Skenes glands

Question 83

What glands in women have ducts of the greater vesibular galnds and open adjacent to the posterolateral margins of the vaginal opening?

Answer 83

Bartholins galnds

Question 84

What is the fascia that is the membranous layer on the deep surface of the perineal fascia, doesnt extend into teh anal triangle, lines the scrotum or labia, and extends aroudn teh body of the penis and clitoris?

Answer 84

Colles' fascia

Question 85

What is the first branch of the peduenal n?

Answer 85

Inf rectal

Question 86

What is the fxn of the inf rectal n?

Answer 86

innervates external anal sphincter and provides sensory innervation to anal triangle

Question 87

What is the branch of the pudendal n that innervates the perineal muscles, and branches into the psoterior scrotal/labial n?

Answer 87

Perineal n

Question 88

What is the branch of the pudendal n that courses along the dorsal surface fo the body fo the penis/clitoris to the glands,a nd provides sensory innervation to the penis/clitoris, especially the glans?

Answer 88

Dorsal n of the penis/clitoris

Question 89

What are the branches of femoral a that supply he skin of the penis and scrotum or clitoris and labia majora?

Answer 89

External pudendal a

Question 90

Where are the testicular aa from?

Answer 90

Abdominal aorta

Question 91

Where do the cremasteric arteries come from to suppyl the scrotum?

Answer 91

inferior epigastic branch of the external iliac a.

Question 92

Where does the deep doral v. of the penis/clitoris connect to, which dria the gland and the corpora cavernosa?

Answer 92

prostatic plexus in men | bladder in women