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Reproductive > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

This is the “pelvis” that is the superior region related to upper parts of the pelvic bones and lower vertebrae, and is generally considered part of the abdomen.

A

False pelvis (greater pelvis)

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2
Q

What are the 3 parts of the pelvic cavity?

A

Pelvic inlet
Walls
Floor

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3
Q

What is the thign that is inferior to the floor of the pelvic cavity and its boundaries form the pelvic outet?

A

Perineum

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4
Q

What are the 2 anchoring points for the roots of the external genitalia?

A
  1. Bony margin of the anterior half of the pelvic outlet

2. A thick, fibrous, perineal membrane, which fills the area.

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5
Q

What is the relationship between the uterine a and the ureter?

A

Ureter passes under the uterine a.

water under the bridge

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6
Q

What does the ureter pass over in men (don’t say uterine a)?

A

Vas deferens

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7
Q

What are the 2 angles that are part opf the penile part of the urethera?

A
  1. Fixed angle where the urethra enters the root of the penis after passing through the perineal membrane
  2. when the penis curves when limp.
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8
Q

What is the posterior, lateral, and anterior boundaries of the pelvic inlet?

A

Post- sacral promontory
Laterally- alae
Anteriorly- pubic synphysis

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9
Q

Which ligament divides the greater and lesser sciatic foramen?

A

sacrospinous

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10
Q

What are the 2 muscles that form the walls of the pelvis?

A

Obturator internus and piriformis

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11
Q

What is the course of the pudendal n in the pelvis?

A

exits greater sciatic foramen –> hooks AROUND the ischial spine –> re-enters lesser sciatic foramen –> pudendal canal

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12
Q

What are the boundaries to the pelvic outlet?

A

Anterior- pubic symphysis

laterally- ischial tubes (ischiopubic ramus connects to symphysis)

posteriorly- coccyx (sacrotuberous connects it to tubes)

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13
Q

This is the muscle group that attaches peripherally to the pelvic walls and joins in the midline by a connective tissue raphe.

A

Levator ani mm.

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14
Q

Pelvic diaphragm = levator ani + ____________

A

coccygeus

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15
Q

What divides the urogenital and anal triangle of the perineum?

A

An imaginary line beetween the 2 tubes.

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16
Q

What are the sacral spinal cord segements that innervate the dermatomes of the perineum?

A

S3-5

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17
Q

What are the spinal segements for the pudendal n?

A

S2-4

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18
Q

Where do you aim your needle during a transvaginal block of the pudendal n?

A

Ischial spine

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19
Q

Which nn controls erection in both men and women?

A

PANS innervation from S2-4 to inferior hypogastric plexus

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20
Q

What is the gap in the levator ani that allows the urethra and the vagina to pass through?

A

Urogenital hiatus

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21
Q

What are the 3 parts of the levator ani, from medial –> lateral?

A

Puborectalis (PR)
Pubococcygeus (PC)
Iliococcygeus (IC)

(see how they go alphabetical?)

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22
Q

Which levator ani muscle is the poop sling and tightens to not let poop out by keeping the rectum at a 90 degree angle?

A

PR

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23
Q

This is when there is a collapse of the bladder into the anterior wall of the vagina; can occur also with injury to the supportive structures of the vagina.

A

Cystocele

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24
Q

This is the anterior and inferior protrusion of the rectum through the vaginal wall

A

Rectocele

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25
Q

This is the anterior and inferior protrusion of the rectovaginal pouch through the vaginal wall

A

Enterocele

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26
Q

Which 4 muscles are contained in the deep pouch for women?

A

External urethral sphincter
Sphincter urethrovaginalis (SUV)
Compressor urethrae
Deep transverse perineal muscle

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27
Q

What is the function of the SUV and the compressor urethrae?

A

Close the urethra

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28
Q

What 6 structures conenct to the perineal body?

A 
Perineal  membrane
Levator ani
SUV (in women)
External anal sphincter
Superficial transverse perineal m.
Bulbospingiosus m.
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29
Q

What surgical procedure can cut the perineal body if done midline?

A

episiotomy

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30
Q

Where does lymp drain to from the testes?

A

Lumbar nodes

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31
Q

What is made in the seminiferous tubules?

A

Spermatozoa

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32
Q

What is the network from seminiferous tubules to the ehad of the epididymus?

A

Seminiferous tubules –> straight tubules –> rete testis –> efferent ductules –> head of epididymus

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33
Q

What happens to the spermatozoa as they pass through the epididymus?

A

They mature and get their flagella

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34
Q

What does the vas deferens cross over after leaving the deep inguinal ring?

A

The external iliac a/v

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35
Q

What does the ejaculatory duct connect to in the prostate?

A

Prostatic urethra

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36
Q

Where in the uterus does the blastocyst normally impant?

A

the body of the uterus

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37
Q

What is the normal position of the uterus on the cervix and vagina?

A

Anteflexed on cervix

Anterverted on vagina (v on v)

38
Q

Where does fertilization typically occur within the uterine tube?

A

Ampulla

39
Q

What a. does the uterine a. anastamose with?

A

ovarian

40
Q

This is the condition where the foreskin cannot be retracted over the glans penis; can interfere with urinary/reproductive function

A

Phimosis

41
Q

This is the constriction of the glans penis by a tight band of foreskin; can lead to ischemia

A

Paraphimosis

42
Q

This is the buildup of scar tissue within the tunica albuginea of the penis resulting in an abnormal (painful) curvature during erection

A

Peyronie’s disease

43
Q

What is the lowst point o fht female abdominal cavity, so fluid can accumulate there?

A

Rectouterine pouch

44
Q

Where should you aim yere needle if you wana drian the rectouterine pouch?

A

posterior vaginal fornix

45
Q

What venous plexes allows pelvic cancer to metastasize to vertebrae?

A

Batson’s venous plexus

46
Q

What nn cause erection?

A

PANS (s2-4)

47
Q

What nn cause ejaculation?

A

sympathetic (L1-2)

48
Q

What is the most common location for an ectopic pregnancy?

A

Tubes

49
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the superior bladder?

A

external iliac

50
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the inferior bladder?

A

internal iliac

51
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the prostate?

A

internal iliac

52
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the penis (excluding glans)?

A

internal iliac

53
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the testes?

A

lumbar

54
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the perineal skin?

A

superficial inguinal

55
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the uterine fundus?

A

lumbar

56
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the upper 2/3 of the vagina?

A

internal and externial iliac, sacral

57
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the lower 1/3 of the vagina?

A

superficial inguinal

58
Q

This is the cyst from remnants of the mesonephros, and is between layers of the broad lig?

A

Gartners duct cyst

59
Q

In women, what separate the posterior surface of the vagina from the rectum?

A

Rectovaginal septum

60
Q

In women, which ligament connects the cervix to the anterior pelvic wall?

A

Pubocervical lig

61
Q

In women, which ligament connects the cervix to the lateral pelvic wall?

A

trasnverse cervical/cardinal lig

62
Q

In women, which ligament connects the cervix to the posterior pelvic wall?

A

uterosacral lig

63
Q

In men, what fascia surrounds the prostatic plexus of veins at the anterior and lateral region of the prostate?

A

Postatic fascia

64
Q

What is the prostatic fascia continuous with psoteriorly, which separate the psoteror surface of the prostate and the base of the bladder from the rectum?

A

Rectovesical septum

65
Q

What are the median and median umbilical folds derived from?

A

urachus and umbilical arteries

66
Q

In women, what is the shallow pouch between the bladder and the uterus?

A

vesicouterine uch

67
Q

In women, what is the large, sheet-like fold of the peritoneum, that encloses the uterine tubein its superior margin and attaches the ovary posteriorly?

A

Broad ligament

68
Q

What are the 3 parts of the broad ligament and what do they connect to?

A

Mesometrium- (metrium = uterus)
Mesosalpinx- (salpinx = tube)
MesOVARium- OVARy

69
Q

What is the ligament that contains the overian vessels, nerve,s and lymphatics?

A

suspensory lig of the ovary

70
Q

What are the ligment of ovary and rount lig of the uterus remnants of?

A

Gubernaculum

71
Q

What is the terminal ganglion called of the sympathetic chain?

A

Ganglion impar

72
Q

What type of SANS fibers are in the sympathetic trunks?

A

postganglionic SANS

73
Q

What do the vesical plexus innervate?

A

erectile tissues of the penis and clitoris

74
Q

In men, what are the extension sof the prostatic plexus?

A

Cavernous nerves

75
Q

What is the fxn of the sacral splanchnic nerves?

A

innervate the accessory glands –> move secretions from the epididymus to the urethra

76
Q

What fills the ischioanal fossae?

A

Fat

77
Q

What innervates the externa anal spnhicter?

A

inferior rectal branches of the pudendal n. and branches directly from s4

78
Q

What lig attaches the body of the penis to the pubic symphysis? which to the linea alba?

A

Suspensory to symphysis

Fundiform to linea alba

79
Q

Which muscles moves blood from the crua to the body of the erect penis and clitors?

A

Ischiocavernosus

80
Q

What m. surrounds the urethra and move blood from attaches parts of the clitoris and penis into the glands, and in men remove residual urine from urethra after urination, and does pulsatile emission of semen during ejaculation?

A

Bulbospongiosis

81
Q

What is teh fxn of the superficial transverse perineal m?

A

stabilize the perineal body

82
Q

What are the glands in women that are paraurethral?

A

Skenes glands

83
Q

What glands in women have ducts of the greater vesibular galnds and open adjacent to the posterolateral margins of the vaginal opening?

A

Bartholins galnds

84
Q

What is the fascia that is the membranous layer on the deep surface of the perineal fascia, doesnt extend into teh anal triangle, lines the scrotum or labia, and extends aroudn teh body of the penis and clitoris?

A

Colles’ fascia

85
Q

What is the first branch of the peduenal n?

A

Inf rectal

86
Q

What is the fxn of the inf rectal n?

A

innervates external anal sphincter and provides sensory innervation to anal triangle

87
Q

What is the branch of the pudendal n that innervates the perineal muscles, and branches into the psoterior scrotal/labial n?

A

Perineal n

88
Q

What is the branch of the pudendal n that courses along the dorsal surface fo the body fo the penis/clitoris to the glands,a nd provides sensory innervation to the penis/clitoris, especially the glans?

A

Dorsal n of the penis/clitoris

89
Q

What are the branches of femoral a that supply he skin of the penis and scrotum or clitoris and labia majora?

A

External pudendal a

90
Q

Where are the testicular aa from?

A

Abdominal aorta

91
Q

Where do the cremasteric arteries come from to suppyl the scrotum?

A

inferior epigastic branch of the external iliac a.

92
Q

Where does the deep doral v. of the penis/clitoris connect to, which dria the gland and the corpora cavernosa?

A

prostatic plexus in men

bladder in women

Reproductive (6 decks)

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