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Advanced Assessment > Female Genitalia > Flashcards

Female Genitalia Flashcards

1
Q

LH acts

A

Luteal phase (post-ovulation)

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2
Q

Condyloma Latum

A 
Lesions of secondary syphilis
STI caused by Trepnema pallidum
Appear 6-12 weeks after infection
Healed solitary genital lesion
Flat, round, oval papules covered by gray exudate
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3
Q

Rectocele

A

Bulge on the posterior wall of the vagina

Hernial protrusion of part of the rectum through the posterior vaginal wall

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4
Q

Trichomoniasis

A

Watery discharge, foul odor
Dysuria and dyspareunia with severe infection
Profuse frothy greenish discharge
pH 5-6
Red friable cervix with petechiae (strawberry cervix)

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5
Q

pH of vagina during pregnancy

A

More acidic
Prevents bacteria from multiplying
May cause Candidad infection

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6
Q

Mucoid, whitish vaginal discharge is

A

Commonly seen during the newborn period and sometimes as late as 4 weeks after birth
Occasionally mixed with blood

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7
Q

Endometriosis

A

Growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus
Retrograde reflux of menstrual tissue from fallopian tubes during menstruation
Pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, heavy/long period
May palp tender nodules along uterosacral ligaments

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8
Q

Station

A

Presenting part in relation to ischial spines of mother’s pubis

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9
Q

Physiologic vaginitis

A

Increase in discharge

Clear or mucoid

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10
Q

Anterior pituitary secretes

A 
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
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11
Q

Leopold maneuvers

A

Four steps:
1) Place hands over fundus and identify fetal part. 2) Use palmar surface of one hand to locate back of fetus, use other hand to feel irregularities (hands, feet). 3) Thumb and third finger to grasp presenting part over symphysis pubis. 4) Use both hands to outline fetal head.

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12
Q

Foreign body

A

Red/swollen vulva
Vaginal discharge
Tampon/condom/diaphragm
Bloody or foul-smelling discharge

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13
Q

Measure strength of contraction

A

Feel (tense, firm, rigid) and ability to indent with fingers

Mild, moderate, strong

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14
Q

Syphilitic Chancre

A 
Skin lesion with primary syphilis
STI via bacterium Treponema pallidum
2 weeks after exposure
Last 3-6 weeks, heals
Painless ulcer
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15
Q

Days 13-14

A

Ovulation
Egg expelled from follicle into abdominal cavity and drawn into the uterus by fimbriae and cilia
Progesterone causes further thickening of uterine wall

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16
Q

Genital herpes

A

Caused by HSV
Painful lesion in genital area after sexual contact
Burning or pain with urination
Superficial vesicles in genital area

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17
Q

Nabothian cysts

A

Small, white, yellow raised round areas on the cervix
Mucinous retention
Expected finding
May be infected if vary in size

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18
Q

Vulvar carcinoma

A 
According to type of tissue from which cancer arises
Lump or growth in or on the vulvar area
Ulcer persists longer than one month
Bleeding in vulva
Dysuria, itching, pain, soreness
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19
Q

Candida vulvovaginitis

A

Pruritic discharge; itching of labia to thigh
White, curdy discharge
pH 4-5
Cervic red, perineum, thighs may be red too

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20
Q

Infertility

A

Inability to conceive over a period of 1 year of unprotected sexual intercourse
Causes: stress, nutrition, chemicals, chromosomal abnormalities, diseases, sexual/relationship problems, hematologic and immunologic disorders

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21
Q

Allergic vaginitis

A

New bubble bath, soap
Foul smell, erythema
Altered pH

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22
Q

Days 15-20

A

Secretory phase
Egg (ovum) moved by cilia into the uterus
After egg release, follicle becomes corpus luteum

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23
Q

Piskacek sign

A

Palpable lateral bulge or soft prominence of one uterine cornu at 7-8 weeks

24
Q

Days 5-12

A

Postmenstrual, preovulatory phase
Ovary and follicle produce estrogen
Follicular phase - egg develops in follicle
Proliferative phase - uterine lining thickens

25
Q

Measuring uterus size

A

Measure from upper part of public symphysis to superior of the uterine fundus
Most accurate 20-32 weeks
1 cm increase per week in fundal height is expected

26
Q

Cervical CA

A

Classify by type of tissue from which CA arises
Usually asymptomatic
Vaginal bleeding or spotting
Hard, granular surface at or near cervical os
Lesion can evolve to form extensive irregular cauliflower growth that bleeds
Early lesions indistinguishable from ectropion

27
Q

Braun von Fernwald

A

Fullness and softening of the fundus near the site of implantation at 7-8 weeks

28
Q

Bacterial vaginosis (Gardnerella vaginalis)

A

No foul odor, itching or edema
Foul-smelling discharge
Thin, white or gray discharge
pH >4.5

29
Q

Hegar sign

A

Softening of the uterine isthmus at 6-8 weeks

30
Q

Mittelschmerz

A

Lower abdominal pain associated with ovulation (may be on the side of ovulation)
Sudden onset
May have some adnexal tenderness; all else negative

31
Q

Days 21-28

A

Premenstrual, Luteal phase
If no implantation, CL degenerates
Menstruation around Day 28

32
Q

FSH acts during

A

Follicular phase (pre-ovulation)

33
Q

Goodell sign

A

Softening of the cervix from increase in vascularity

At 4-6 weeks

34
Q

Vaginal carcinoma

A

Squamous, adenocarcinoma, melanoma, and/or sarcoma
Sqaumous = epithelial lining of vagina; may be caused by HPV
Adenocarcinoma = in glandular tissue
Malignant melanoma = from melanocytes
Sarcoma = form deep in wall
Sx: abnormal bleeding, dysuria, painful sex, pelvic pain, BLE edema, discharge, lesions, masses

35
Q

Days 1-4

A

Menstrual phase

36
Q

Adnexa

A

of the uterus comprises the fallopian tubes and ovaries

37
Q

Bartholin glands

A

During excitement, secrete mucus into introitus for lubrication

38
Q

Cystocele

A

Hernial protrusion of the urinary bladder through the anterior wall of the vagina
May exit the introitus

39
Q

McDonald sign

A

Fundus flexes easily on the cervix at 7-8 weeks

40
Q

During pregnancy, softening of the pelvic cartilage

A

D/t relaxin and progesterone
Also strengthens the pelvic ligaments
Develop waddle gait

41
Q

Condyloma Acuminatum

A

Genital warts
Via HPV
Soft, painless, wartlike lesions
Whitish pink to reddish brown, discrete soft growths on labia, vestibule or perianal area

42
Q

Naegele rule

A

Calculate EDD: add 1 year to first day of last normal menstrual period, subtract 3 months, add 7 days
Average 40 weeks gestation

43
Q

Fetal movement

A

Around 16-20 weeks

Mother to note any decrease from normal or cessation of movement

44
Q

Atrophic vaginitis

A

Dysareunia; vaginal dryness
Perimenopausal or postmenopausal
Pale, thin vaginal mucosa pH>4.5

45
Q

Molloscum Contagiosum

A

Viral infection of skin and mucous membranes, STI in adults (non-sexual common in children)
Poxvirus, enters via hair follicles
White, flesh-colored
Last months to years

46
Q

Piskacek sign

A

Uterine irregularity around 8-10 weeks

47
Q

Gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae)

A

Partner with STI
Asymptomatic or sx of PID
Purulent discharge from cervix (Skene/Bartholin gland)
Inflammation of cervix and vulva

48
Q

Chlamydia

A

Partner with nongonococcal urethritis
Asymptomatic or spotting after intercourse
With or without purulent discharge
Cervix may or may not be red or friable

49
Q

Discharge from Skene glands

A

Commonly infection, gonorrhea

Milk by exerting upward pressure

50
Q

Uterine prolapse

A

1st degree: cervix remains within the vagina
2nd degree: cervix at the introitus
3rd degree: cervix and vagina drop outside introitus
May report urine leakage, incontinence

51
Q

Pouch of Douglas

A

Rectouterine cul-de-sac, deep recess formed by the peritoneum that covers the lower posterior wall of the uterus and upper portion of the vagina separating it from the rectum

52
Q

Other positions (eg. disabilities)

A

Knee-chest, obstetric stirrups, M-shaped, V-shaped

53
Q

Chadwick sign

A

Cervix takes on bluish color

At 8-12 weeks

54
Q

Skene ducts

A

Drain a group of urethral glands and open onto the vestibule on each side of the urethra

55
Q

Cardiff count to 10

A

Note the length of time for 10 movements

56
Q

Inflammation of Bartholin Gland

A

Commonly associated with gonorrhea
Acute or chronic
Hot, red, tender, fluctuant swelling; may drain pus
Chronic inflammation results in nontender cyst on labium

57
Q

Uterine bleeding

A

Abnormality in menstrual bleeding, inappropriate uterine bleeding common

Advanced Assessment (14 decks)

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