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Female Genitalia Flashcards

(57 cards)

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1
Q

LH acts

A

Luteal phase (post-ovulation)

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2
Q

Condyloma Latum

A 
Lesions of secondary syphilis
STI caused by Trepnema pallidum
Appear 6-12 weeks after infection
Healed solitary genital lesion
Flat, round, oval papules covered by gray exudate
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3
Q

Rectocele

A

Bulge on the posterior wall of the vagina

Hernial protrusion of part of the rectum through the posterior vaginal wall

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4
Q

Trichomoniasis

A

Watery discharge, foul odor
Dysuria and dyspareunia with severe infection
Profuse frothy greenish discharge
pH 5-6
Red friable cervix with petechiae (strawberry cervix)

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5
Q

pH of vagina during pregnancy

A

More acidic
Prevents bacteria from multiplying
May cause Candidad infection

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6
Q

Mucoid, whitish vaginal discharge is

A

Commonly seen during the newborn period and sometimes as late as 4 weeks after birth
Occasionally mixed with blood

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7
Q

Endometriosis

A

Growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus
Retrograde reflux of menstrual tissue from fallopian tubes during menstruation
Pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, heavy/long period
May palp tender nodules along uterosacral ligaments

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8
Q

Station

A

Presenting part in relation to ischial spines of mother’s pubis

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9
Q

Physiologic vaginitis

A

Increase in discharge

Clear or mucoid

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10
Q

Anterior pituitary secretes

A 
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
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11
Q

Leopold maneuvers

A

Four steps:
1) Place hands over fundus and identify fetal part. 2) Use palmar surface of one hand to locate back of fetus, use other hand to feel irregularities (hands, feet). 3) Thumb and third finger to grasp presenting part over symphysis pubis. 4) Use both hands to outline fetal head.

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12
Q

Foreign body

A

Red/swollen vulva
Vaginal discharge
Tampon/condom/diaphragm
Bloody or foul-smelling discharge

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13
Q

Measure strength of contraction

A

Feel (tense, firm, rigid) and ability to indent with fingers

Mild, moderate, strong

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14
Q

Syphilitic Chancre

A 
Skin lesion with primary syphilis
STI via bacterium Treponema pallidum
2 weeks after exposure
Last 3-6 weeks, heals
Painless ulcer
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15
Q

Days 13-14

A

Ovulation
Egg expelled from follicle into abdominal cavity and drawn into the uterus by fimbriae and cilia
Progesterone causes further thickening of uterine wall

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16
Q

Genital herpes

A

Caused by HSV
Painful lesion in genital area after sexual contact
Burning or pain with urination
Superficial vesicles in genital area

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17
Q

Nabothian cysts

A

Small, white, yellow raised round areas on the cervix
Mucinous retention
Expected finding
May be infected if vary in size

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18
Q

Vulvar carcinoma

A 
According to type of tissue from which cancer arises
Lump or growth in or on the vulvar area
Ulcer persists longer than one month
Bleeding in vulva
Dysuria, itching, pain, soreness
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19
Q

Candida vulvovaginitis

A

Pruritic discharge; itching of labia to thigh
White, curdy discharge
pH 4-5
Cervic red, perineum, thighs may be red too

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20
Q

Infertility

A

Inability to conceive over a period of 1 year of unprotected sexual intercourse
Causes: stress, nutrition, chemicals, chromosomal abnormalities, diseases, sexual/relationship problems, hematologic and immunologic disorders

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21
Q

Allergic vaginitis

A

New bubble bath, soap
Foul smell, erythema
Altered pH

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22
Q

Days 15-20

A

Secretory phase
Egg (ovum) moved by cilia into the uterus
After egg release, follicle becomes corpus luteum

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23
Q

Piskacek sign

Study These Flashcards
A

Palpable lateral bulge or soft prominence of one uterine cornu at 7-8 weeks

24
Q

Days 5-12

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A

Postmenstrual, preovulatory phase
Ovary and follicle produce estrogen
Follicular phase - egg develops in follicle
Proliferative phase - uterine lining thickens

25
Measuring uterus size
Measure from upper part of public symphysis to superior of the uterine fundus Most accurate 20-32 weeks 1 cm increase per week in fundal height is expected
26
Cervical CA
Classify by type of tissue from which CA arises Usually asymptomatic Vaginal bleeding or spotting Hard, granular surface at or near cervical os Lesion can evolve to form extensive irregular cauliflower growth that bleeds Early lesions indistinguishable from ectropion
27
Braun von Fernwald
Fullness and softening of the fundus near the site of implantation at 7-8 weeks
28
Bacterial vaginosis (Gardnerella vaginalis)
No foul odor, itching or edema Foul-smelling discharge Thin, white or gray discharge pH >4.5
29
Hegar sign
Softening of the uterine isthmus at 6-8 weeks
30
Mittelschmerz
Lower abdominal pain associated with ovulation (may be on the side of ovulation) Sudden onset May have some adnexal tenderness; all else negative
31
Days 21-28
Premenstrual, Luteal phase If no implantation, CL degenerates Menstruation around Day 28
32
FSH acts during
Follicular phase (pre-ovulation)
33
Goodell sign
Softening of the cervix from increase in vascularity | At 4-6 weeks
34
Vaginal carcinoma
Squamous, adenocarcinoma, melanoma, and/or sarcoma Sqaumous = epithelial lining of vagina; may be caused by HPV Adenocarcinoma = in glandular tissue Malignant melanoma = from melanocytes Sarcoma = form deep in wall Sx: abnormal bleeding, dysuria, painful sex, pelvic pain, BLE edema, discharge, lesions, masses
35
Days 1-4
Menstrual phase
36
Adnexa
of the uterus comprises the fallopian tubes and ovaries
37
Bartholin glands
During excitement, secrete mucus into introitus for lubrication
38
Cystocele
Hernial protrusion of the urinary bladder through the anterior wall of the vagina May exit the introitus
39
McDonald sign
Fundus flexes easily on the cervix at 7-8 weeks
40
During pregnancy, softening of the pelvic cartilage
D/t relaxin and progesterone Also strengthens the pelvic ligaments Develop waddle gait
41
Condyloma Acuminatum
Genital warts Via HPV Soft, painless, wartlike lesions Whitish pink to reddish brown, discrete soft growths on labia, vestibule or perianal area
42
Naegele rule
Calculate EDD: add 1 year to first day of last normal menstrual period, subtract 3 months, add 7 days Average 40 weeks gestation
43
Fetal movement
Around 16-20 weeks | Mother to note any decrease from normal or cessation of movement
44
Atrophic vaginitis
Dysareunia; vaginal dryness Perimenopausal or postmenopausal Pale, thin vaginal mucosa pH>4.5
45
Molloscum Contagiosum
Viral infection of skin and mucous membranes, STI in adults (non-sexual common in children) Poxvirus, enters via hair follicles White, flesh-colored Last months to years
46
Piskacek sign
Uterine irregularity around 8-10 weeks
47
Gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae)
Partner with STI Asymptomatic or sx of PID Purulent discharge from cervix (Skene/Bartholin gland) Inflammation of cervix and vulva
48
Chlamydia
Partner with nongonococcal urethritis Asymptomatic or spotting after intercourse With or without purulent discharge Cervix may or may not be red or friable
49
Discharge from Skene glands
Commonly infection, gonorrhea | Milk by exerting upward pressure
50
Uterine prolapse
1st degree: cervix remains within the vagina 2nd degree: cervix at the introitus 3rd degree: cervix and vagina drop outside introitus May report urine leakage, incontinence
51
Pouch of Douglas
Rectouterine cul-de-sac, deep recess formed by the peritoneum that covers the lower posterior wall of the uterus and upper portion of the vagina separating it from the rectum
52
Other positions (eg. disabilities)
Knee-chest, obstetric stirrups, M-shaped, V-shaped
53
Chadwick sign
Cervix takes on bluish color | At 8-12 weeks
54
Skene ducts
Drain a group of urethral glands and open onto the vestibule on each side of the urethra
55
Cardiff count to 10
Note the length of time for 10 movements
56
Inflammation of Bartholin Gland
Commonly associated with gonorrhea Acute or chronic Hot, red, tender, fluctuant swelling; may drain pus Chronic inflammation results in nontender cyst on labium
57
Uterine bleeding
Abnormality in menstrual bleeding, inappropriate uterine bleeding common

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