Female Genital Pathology (Duval) Flashcards
Describe lichen sclerosus (pathology)
- Thinning of epidermis, loss of rete pegs
- Hyperkeratosis
- Dermal fibrosis
- Scant dermal mononuclear inflammation
Describe lichen simplex chronicus (pathology)
- Epithelial thickening w/mitoses
- Hyperkeratosis
- Dermal leukocytosis
What is condylomata acuminata (pathology)?
- Vulvar tumor
- Usually multiple
- Elevated papillary or flat rugose
- HPV 6, 11
- Koilocytosis (hallmark of HPV infection)
What is the hallmark of HPV infection (pathology)?
Koilocytosis
What type are most vulvar carcinomas?
90% squamous cell carcinoma
Congenital anomalies of the vagina
- Total absence of vagina
- Septate or double vagina
- Gartner’s duct cysts
Describe vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma
Rare cancer MC caused by DES exposure
What are cervical “erosions”?
Inflamed appearance of exocervix of young adult females due to downward migration of squamocolumnar junction
Low risk HPV types
6, 11, 42, 44
High risk HPV types
16, 18, 31, 45
What is the regurgitation theory of endometriosis?
Menstrual back flow through fallopian tubes followed by implantation
What is the metaplastic theory of endometriosis?
Endometrial differentiation of coelomic epithelium
Morphology of endometriosis
- Red blue to yellow brown serosal nodules
- Chocolate cysts
- Glands plus stroma plus hemosiderin
What is dysfunctional uterine bleeding and what is it caused by?
- Abnormal bleeding without organic lesion
- Caused by relative excess of estrogen or relative lack of progesterone