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Vet Theriogenology > Female Genital Anatomy > Flashcards

Female Genital Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Consists of three bones and three ligamentous structure

A

Pelvic Cavity

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2
Q

Consists of three bones and three ligamentous structure

A

Pelvic Cavity

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3
Q

The pelvic cavity’s bony part consists of:

A
  1. Sacrum
  2. First to Third Coccygeal vertebrae
  3. Os coxae
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4
Q

Roof of pelvic cavity’s consists of:

A

Ventral surface of sacrum & 1st - 3rd coccygeal vertebrae

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5
Q

Walls and floor of pelvic cavity consists of:

A

Os coxae

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6
Q

Irregularly triangular in shape and form part of the lateral wall of the pelvis

A

Ilium

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7
Q

The smallest bone of the os coxae, also the cranial floor

A

Pubis

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8
Q

The cranial medial border of the pubis provides attachment for the ?

A

Prepubic tendon

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9
Q

The caudal border of the pubis forms the cranial border of the ?

A

Obturator foramen

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10
Q

The dorsal pelvic surface is smooth and usually what in male and female?

A

Male: Concave
Female: Flatter

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11
Q

The caudal floor; its caudal border slopes inward and forward to join the opposite (?) to form the (?) arch

A

Ischium

Ischiatic arch or Ischiopubic arch

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12
Q

The 3 ligaments and 1 tendon involved in pelvic cavity’s formation:

A
  1. Dorsal and lateral sacro-iliac ligament
  2. Sacro-sciatic ligament
  3. Prepubic tendon
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13
Q

It prevents detachment of ileal wing, attached to medial wing of ilium and summit of sacral spines; connects the sacrum to ilium and stabilizes sacroiliac joint.

A

Dorsal Sacro-iliac ligament

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14
Q

It prevents sliding of sacrum, attached to medial wing of ilium and lateral portion of sacrum; prevents anterior and inferior movement of sacrum

A

Lateral Sacro-iliac ligament

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15
Q

Quadrilateral ligamentous sheet that completes the lateral of pelvic cavity, it extends from the lateral border of sacrum and transverse process of 1st coccygeal vertebra to ischiatic spine and tuber ischii

A

Sacro-sciatic ligament

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16
Q

The tendon of insertion of recti abdominis muscle, attached strongly to cranial border of pubic bone

A

Prepubic tendon

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17
Q

Common cause of rupture of prepubic tendon and in what animals?

A

Twinning, Fluid accumulation
Ewe, Mares

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18
Q

Where the fetus passes to exit the female RT

A

Pelvic Canal / Birth Canal

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19
Q

A tool used to measure the pelvis

A

Pelvimeter

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20
Q

The pelvic outlet is primarily composed of ?

A

Ligament (Sacrotuberous)

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21
Q

The pelvic inlet is primarily composed of

A

Bony structures

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22
Q

Roughly oval shaped with the largest diameter being (?) and narrower diameter being (?)

A

Pelvic Inlet
Largest (sacro-pubic)
Narrower (bis-iliac)

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23
Q

The pelvic inlet is bounded dorsally by:

A

Sacral promontory

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24
Q

The pelvic inlet is bounded laterally by:

A

Arcuate line of ilium
Pectineal line of pubis

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25
Q

The pelvic inlet is bounded ventrally by:

A

Pubic symphysis (fusion of 2 pubis as age progresses, except in sow)

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26
Q

The pelvic outlet is bounded dorsally by:

A

Sacrum and 1st three coccygeal

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27
Q

The pelvic outlet is bounded laterally by:

A

Caudal-border of sacro-sciatic ligament

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28
Q

The pelvic outlet is bounded ventrally by:

A

Ischial arch

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29
Q

Their pelvis’ transverse diameter are nearly equal, making the pelvic inlet almost spherical, the coxal tuberosities are larger and prominent, the ileac wings are nearly perpendicular to long axis of body

A

Mare

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30
Q

High and prominent ischial tuberosities; pelvic inlet is more elliptical

A

Cow

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31
Q

Similar to cow but ischial tuberosities are relatively smaller

A

Ewe

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32
Q

Smaller iliac wings and nearly parallel to the medial plane; various shape among breeds but usually quadrilateral

A

Bitch

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33
Q

Smaller iliac wings and nearly parallel to the medial plane; pelvic inlet is almost circular

A

Cats

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34
Q

Pelvic inlet is long and narrow, not prominent iliac wings and no fusion of pelvic symphysis; tuber ischii are largely cartilaginous

A

Sow

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35
Q

Perform both exocrine and endocrine functions; source of ovum and ovarian hormones (estrogen, progesterone, relaxin)

A

Ovary

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36
Q

This animal’s ovary is oval in shape, 1.3 - 5 cm (length), 1.3 - 3.2 cm (width), 0.6 - 1.9 cm thickness

A

Cow

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37
Q

Has almond-shaped ovary, resembles the cow’s ovary; 0.5 - 0.75 cm in length

38
Q

Their ovary is bean-shaped, 1.5 - 3 inches (length), 1.25 - 2 inches (thickness), 30 - 90 grams, consists of an ovulation fossa (for fertilization)

39
Q

Oval-shaped ovary, mulberry-like when matured; 0.5 inch (diameter), 1 - 5mm diameter follicles, and 3.5 - 10 grams

40
Q

Oval-shaped, mulberry-like (similar to sow but smaller); 1.0 - 3 cm (length), 0.7 - 1.25 cm (width), 0.5 - 0.75 cm (thickness); ovarian bursa usually contains fat

41
Q

Similar to dogs’ ovary but about 1 cm in diameter and ovarian bursa contains no fat

42
Q

The site of fertilization

43
Q

3 parts of oviduct:

A
  1. Infundibulum (funnel-shaped)
  2. Ampulla (bottle-neck)
  3. Isthmus (narrow)
44
Q

These are finger-like structures in the opening of the infundibulum

45
Q

The opening of the infundibulum

46
Q

The approximate site of fertilization in the oviduct

A

Ampullary isthmic junction (AIJ)

47
Q

This site kinks to prevent premature movement of embryo, also acts as a sperm reservoir

A

Utero-tubal junction (UTJ)

48
Q

Their oviduct is 8-12 inches long; tortuous, wiry, and hard (nearly cartilaginous when rolled between fingers), may also be embedded in fat (mesosalpinx)

A

Mare / Cow

49
Q

Their oviduct is 6-12 inches long; UTJ serves as major barrier to sperm transport (prevent polyspermy)

50
Q

Their oviduct is 2 - 3 1/2 inches long; slightly tortuous course around nearly the entire circumference of ovarian bursa

A

Bitch and Queen

51
Q

A muscular-membrane structure and functions as: reception of fertilized ovum, fetal nutrition and protection, and initial stage of expulsion of fetus (parturition)

52
Q

Domestic animals often have this type of uterus

A

Bicornuate-shaped uterus

53
Q

What does the uterus consists of?

A

2 uterine horns, a body and a cervix

54
Q

Their endometrium consists of small protuberances called (?); intercornual ligament is present between the horns

A

Caruncles
Cow, Ewe, Doe

55
Q

Uterus located on the pelvic floor indicates ?

A

Early stages of pregnancy

56
Q

Uterus located on the pelvic brim indicates ?

A

In-heat stage

57
Q

Uterus located on the floor of the abdominal cavity indicates ?

A

Later stage of pregnancy

58
Q

Their uterus is T-shaped with horns perpendicular to the uterine body; has short horns and large body, their endometrium is also characterized by (?)

A

Mare
Endometrial Folds

59
Q

The part of the uterus where mare’s fetus develops

A

Uterine Body

60
Q

Has short body and long tortuous horns which are freely movable because of their long broad ligament; also consists of endometrial folds

61
Q

Their uterus consists of a short body and lies entire within the abdominal cavity

A

Bitch, Queen

62
Q

The site of fetal development in bitches and queens:

A

Uterine horns

63
Q

A powerful tubular sphincter-like muscular structure between uterus and vagina, also forms a barrier between the two

64
Q

The opening into the uterus is called

A

Internal os

65
Q

The opening into the vagina is called

A

External os

66
Q

Their cervix is about 2 - 4 inches (length), 0.75 - 2.75 (diameter), and have distinct protrusions called (?)

A

Cow
Cervical/Annular rings

67
Q

About 1 - 2 inches long and similar to the cow’s cervix

68
Q

Their cervix is 2 - 3 inches long and 1 - 2 inches in diameter; suspended in the pelvic cavity caudal to uterus and characterized by numerous small low longitudinal folds

69
Q

Their cervix is 4 - 8 inches long and directly continuous with vagina; has distinct interdigitating prominences making it appear like corckscrew

70
Q

Their cervix is thick-walled when compared to uterus or vagina; also smooth and no elaborate folds

A

Bitch / Queen

71
Q

It is the temporary storage for semen

A

Fornix Vagina

72
Q

The copulatory organ of female and is capable of great dilation, it is also surrounded by connective tisues and fats

73
Q

It is the site of fetal or urine expulsion

A

Vagina / Vestibule

74
Q

The slight circular constriction between the vulva and vagina

75
Q

This reproductive condition is common in mares, often requiring surgery

A

Persistent hymen

76
Q

Their vagina is 10 - 12 inches long (nonpregnant)

77
Q

Their vagina is similar to the cow but 3 - 4 inches long

78
Q

Their vagina is 7 - 9 inches long and 4 - 5 inches in diameter when dilated

79
Q

Their vagina is 3 - 4.5 inches long, small in diameter and with a thick muscular coat

80
Q

Their vagina is 10 - 14 cm long and narrow, has thick muscular coat

81
Q

Their vestibule and vagina are of the same length

82
Q

It is a portion of vagina that is common to urinary and reproductive system

83
Q

The submucosa houses this gland

A

Vestibular glands / Bartholin’s gland

84
Q

The Gartner’s duct is present in these species

A

Cow (frequent)
Mare and Sow (Occasional)
Bitch and Queen (Absent)

85
Q

It is present in the bitch, and lies directly above the urethral opening, it also serves as the landmark of catheterization

A

Urethral tubercle

86
Q

Also known as the blind pouch in the sow and cow

A

Suburethral diverticulum

87
Q

The inner lip of the vulva is called the?

A

Labia major

88
Q

The outer lip of the vulva is called the?

A

Labia minor

89
Q

The two labia meet medially to form the?

A

Ventral commissure

90
Q

The ventral commissure houses the (?) which contains the (?)

A

Clitoral fossa - Clitoris

Vet Theriogenology (15 decks)

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