feline panleukopenia/feline distemper

Question 1

what 2 things should you consider about feline panleukopenia

Answer 1

a) known as feline infectious enteritis, feline distemper and FPLV
b) is a DNA virus of the parvovirus family

Question 2

what 4 things should you consider about the transmission of FPLV

Answer 2

a) transmission is via direct, indirect, fomite or transplacental but only queen infected of a MLV uses when pregnant

b) has 4-7 day incubation period
c) is non enveloped
d) is one serotype but has 6 recognized strains

Question 3

what 2 things should you consider about the epidemiology of FPLV

Answer 3

a) is distributed worldwide

b) affects species of the Felidae, procyonidae, mustelidae and veveridae families

Question 4

what 6 things should you consider about the pathogenesis of FPLV

Answer 4

1. varies depending on age at time of infection
2. in utero during early gestation fetal death and possible infertility of the queen
3. mid to late gestation - abortion of mummified fetuses
4. nearterm or up to 10days of age- cerebellar hypoplasia, optic nerve atrophy and retinal dysplasia
5. older unvaccinated kittens- viremia with resulting infection of the bone marrow, intestine and lymphoid tissues
6. vaccinated cats-subclinical infection

Question 5

what are the 6 clinical signs of FPLV

Answer 5

lethargy
anorexia
vomiting
diarrhea
severe dehydration
gi dysfunction

Question 6

what 6 things should you consider about the clinical sigs of FPLV in neonates

Answer 6

a) these signs appear in kittens infected late in gestation or up to 10days after birth
b) ataxia resulting in abnormal placement of the legs and tumbling or rolling over

c) possible vision problems
d) nystagmus
e) intention tremors of the head
f) symptoms will persist for life

Question 7

what 4 things should you consider about the clinical signs of FPLV in young unvaccinated cats regarding acute infection

Answer 7

a) after incubation a fever, anorexia or depression may occur

b) persistent vomiting follows the fever spike
c) diarrhea develops a few days later and is severe, fetid, and blood stained

d) abdomen is painful upon palpation, and thus intestines are thickened and rope like and filled with fluid and gas

Question 8

what 7 things should you consider about the clinical signs of FPLV in young unvaccinated cats regarding severe infection

Answer 8

a) progressive weakness, hypothermia and dehydration
b) mild icterus
c) necrotic stomatitis
d) cutaneous hemorrhages and skin sloughing
e) secondary bacterial infections
f) recovery with supportive therapy
g) possible death from dehydration endotoxemia or DIC

Question 9

what are the 6 clinical signs of vaccinated or recovered cats

Answer 9

mild fever
depression
diarrhea
painful abdomen
symptoms last 1-3 days
rapid recovery

Question 10

what 2 things should you consider about the differential diagnosis of FPLV

Answer 10

a) CBC with a panleukopenia, thrombocytopenia and a nonregenerative anemia test
b) serum chemistry with an increased ALT, AST, bilirubin and BUN

Question 11

what 4 things should you consider about the diagnosis of FPLV

Answer 11

history, clinical signs, lab tests, but often value is not realized in time

Question 12

what 7 things should you consider about the treatment of FPLV

Answer 12

supportive
fluids and electrolytes
plasma or blood transfusion
parenteral antibiotics
antiemetics
control V and D
hypoglycemia

Question 13

what 3 things should you consider about the prevention of FPLV

Answer 13

vaccination is FVRCP
sanitation-virus can be present in environment for years
is very resistant to chemicals