Feline hypercortisolism (not in test)

Question 1

How common is hypercortisolism in cats?

Answer 1

Quite uncommon

Question 2

What usually causes feline hypercortisolism?

Answer 2

Most cases are pituitary-dependent, but FAT is also possible

Iatrogenic hypercortisolism may result from glucocorticoids and megestrol acetate therapy

Question 3

Clinical features

Answer 3

-Middle-aged to older cats
-Moderate to severe polyuria/polydipsia (often secondary to diabetes mellitus)
-Fragile skin syndrome
-Loss of muscle mass
-Pendulous abdomen

Question 4

What pathologies do cats develope more easily than dogs in hypercortisolism?

Answer 4

Cats are more prone to developing hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus

Question 5

Most common laboratory abnormality in cats

Answer 5

Severe hyperglycemia and glucosuria

Cats with insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus should always be tested for hypercortisolism!

(CIALP is not seen in cats)

Question 6

Take-home messages!

Answer 6

-Most cases are pituitary dependent but functional adrenal tumors have also been described
-Cats are more prone to developing hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus
-Cats with insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus should always be tested for hypercortisolism
-LDDST is the screening test of choice, but must be used in combination with other tests