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Desperate attempt at learning endocrinology > Basic gland and hormone info > Flashcards

Basic gland and hormone info Flashcards

1
Q

8 “classic” endocrine glands

A

-Hypothalamus
-Pineal gland
-Pituitary gland

-Thyroid gland
-Parathyroid glands

-Gonads (ovaries, testes)
-Pancreas (islands of Lagerhens)
-Adrenal glands

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2
Q

Where is melatonin produced?

A

Pineal gland

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3
Q

Melatonin primary target(s)

A

Brain, other tissues

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4
Q

Melatonin main effect(s)

A

-Circadian rhytms
-Immune function
-Antioxidant

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5
Q

Where is oxytocin produced?

A

Posterior pituitary

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6
Q

Oxytocin primary target(s)

A

Breast and uterus

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7
Q

Oxytocin main effect(s)

A

-Milk ejection
-Labor and delivery
-Behavior

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8
Q

Melatonin hormone type

A

Amino-acid derived

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9
Q

Oxytocin hormone type

A

Peptide

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10
Q

Where is Antidiuretic hormone produced?

A

Posterior pituitary

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11
Q

Antidiuretic hormone primary target(s)

A

Kidney

(ei lukenu taulukossa, mutta myös blood vessels?)

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12
Q

Antidiuretic hormone main effect(s)

A

Water reabsoption

(vasoconstriction)

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13
Q

ADH hormone type

A

Peptide

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14
Q

What two hormones are produced in posterior pituitary?

A

Oxytocin
ADH

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15
Q

What 6 hormones are produced in anterior pituitary?

A

Growth hormone
Corticotropin
Thyrotropin

Prolactin
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Luteinizing hormone

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16
Q

Where is prolactin produced?

A

Anterior pituitary

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17
Q

Prolactin primary target(s)

A

Breast

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18
Q

Prolactin main effect(s)

A

Milk production

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19
Q

Prolactin hormone type

A

Peptide

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20
Q

Where is growth hormone produced?

A

Anterior pituitary

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21
Q

Growth hormone primary target(s)

A

Liver
Many tissues

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22
Q

Growth hormone main effect(s)

A

Growth factor secretion
Growth and metabolism

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23
Q

Where is corticotropin produced?

A

Anterior pituitary

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24
Q

Corticotropin primary target(s)

A

Adrenal cortex

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25
Q

Corticotropin main effect(s)

A

Cortisol release

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26
Q

Growth hormone type

A

Peptide

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27
Q

Corticotropin type

A

Peptide

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28
Q

Where is thyrotropin produced?

A

Anterior pituitary

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29
Q

Thyrotropin primary target(s)

A

Thyroid gland

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30
Q

Thyrotropin main effect(s)

A

Thyroid hormone synthesis

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31
Q

Follicle-stimulating hormone produced?

A

Anterior pituitary

32
Q

Follicle-stimulating hormone primary target(s)

33
Q

Follicle-stimulating hormone main effect(s)

A

Egg or sperm production
Sex hormone production

34
Q

Luteinizing hormone produced?

A

Anterior pituitary

35
Q

Luteinizing hormone primary target(s)

36
Q

Luteinizing hormone main effect(s)

A

Sex hormone production
Egg or sperm production

37
Q

FSH and luteinizing hormone type

38
Q

Thyrotropin hormone type

39
Q

What hormone(s) does thyroid gland produce?

A

Triiodothyronine
Thyroxine
Calcitonin

40
Q

Thyroxine main effect(s)

A

Metabolism
Growth
Development

41
Q

Thyroxine hormone type

A

Amino acid-derived

42
Q

Calcitonin primary target(s)

43
Q

Calcitonin main effect(s)

A

Lowers plasma calcium levels

44
Q

Calcitonin hormone type

45
Q

Parathyroid hormone primary target(s)

A

Bone
Kidney

46
Q

Parathyroid hormone main effect(s)

A

Regulates plasma Ca2+ and phosphate levels

47
Q

Parathyroid hormone type

48
Q

What hormone(s) does thymus gland produce?

A

Thymosin
Thymopoietin

49
Q

Thymosin and thymopoietin primary target(s)

A

Lymphocytes

50
Q

Thymosin and thymopoietin main effect(s)

A

Lymphocyte development

51
Q

What hormone(s) does heart produce?

A

Atrial natriuretic peptide

52
Q

Atrial natriuretic peptide primary target(s)

53
Q

Atrial natriuretic peptide main effect(s)

A

Increases Na+ excretion

54
Q

What hormone(s) does the liver produce?

A

Angiotensinogen
Insulin-like growth factors

55
Q

Angiotensinogen primary target(s)

A

Adrenal cortex
Blood vessels

56
Q

Angiotensinogen main effect(s)

A

Aldosterone secretion
Increases blood pressure

57
Q

Insulin-like growth factors main effect(s)

58
Q

What hormone(s) does pancreas produce?

A

Insulin
Glucagon
Somatostatin
Pancreatic polypeptide

59
Q

What hormone(s) does adrenal cortex produce?

A

Aldosterone
Cortisol
Androgens

60
Q

Hormone type of all hormones produced in adrenal cortex

A

Steroid hormones

61
Q

Aldosterone primary target(s)

62
Q

Aldosterone main effect(s)

A

Na+ and K+ homeostasis

63
Q

Cortisol main effect(s)

A

stress response

64
Q

Hormones produced in adrenal medulla

A

Epinephrine
Norepinephrine

65
Q

Hormone type of (nor)epinephrine

A

Amino acid-derived

66
Q

Hormone(s) produced by kidney

A

Erythropoietin
Calciferol

67
Q

Erythropoietin primary target(s)

A

Bone marrow

68
Q

Erythropoietin main effect(s)

A

Red blood cell production

69
Q

Erythropoietin hormone type

70
Q

Calciferol primary target(s)

71
Q

Calciferol main effect(s)

A

Increase calcium absorption

72
Q

What hormone(s) does skin produce?

A

Vitamin D3

73
Q

Vitamin D3 main effect(s)

A

Precursor of calciferol

74
Q

Calciferol and D3 hormone type

Desperate attempt at learning endocrinology (11 decks)

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