feeding and nutrition

Question 1

what are the six major nutrients

Answer 1

protein, carbohydrates, fats, minerals, vitamins and water

Question 2

what is the function of protein

Answer 2

to build and repair muscles as well as maintaining structure

Question 3

what is the function of carbohydrates

Answer 3

they are the main sources of energy

Question 4

what is the function of fats

Answer 4

provides insulation and protection for vital organs

Question 5

what is the function of minerals

Answer 5

they are the structural component of organs and tissue

Question 6

what is the function of vitamins

Answer 6

assists growth, body development and reproduction/ other functions in the body

Question 7

what is the function of water

Answer 7

regulated temperature, removes weight as well as providong cushoning for cells and body

Question 8

what are unsaturated fats

Answer 8

fats which have single bonds in its structure

Question 9

what are the functions of the digestive system

Answer 9

 mechanical and chemical digestion of food

 absorbing food

 assimilation of products to maintain the body

 eliminating solid waste

 regulating body temperature

Question 10

what is an example mechanical digestion

Answer 10

chewing

Question 11

what is an example chemical digestion

Answer 11

enzymes breaking down food

Question 12

what is ingestion

Answer 12

Taking food into the body

Question 13

what is digestion

Answer 13

Breaking food into smaller units

Question 14

 what is absorption

Answer 14

Units pass into the bloodstream

Question 15

what is excretion

Answer 15

Indigestible matter is removed from the body

Question 16

what is a Monogastric Digestive System

Answer 16

a digestive system woth only one stomach and cannot digest cellulos but are adapted to eating grass

Question 17

describe the small intestine

Answer 17

is long but has a narrow diameter. it is where digestion/ breaking down of food occurs

Question 18

describe the large intestine

Answer 18

the large intestine absorbes any remaining water and nutrients befor sending waste products to the recum

Question 19

what is a Hindgut Fermenter Digestive System

Answer 19

One chambers stomached animal, large caecum. Majority of digestion occurs in hindgut. they eat cellulos which will be digested in the stomach and then fermented in the small intestin wothout much of the nutrient being unlocked, it then travles into the cecum which unlockes the nutrients. to then be absorbed in the small intestin. or they then re- eat their excreation. the cellulos then goes back into the small intestin where it can be digested.

Question 20

what is a Ruminant Digestive System

Answer 20

Four chambers stomached animal. Carry out rumination (chewing the cud).

Question 21

how are Ruminant Digestive System adapted for digestion

Answer 21

they are adapted to digest cellulose

Question 22

when does fermentation occur in a Ruminant Digestive System

Answer 22

Fermentation occurs before the small intestinein the specialised rumen

Question 23

what is the Ruminate definition and process

Answer 23

Ruminants swallow food with little chewing. Later they will ruminate.

Question 24

what are the four parts of the stomach in a Ruminant Digestive System

Answer 24

rumen, , omasium, reticulum and abomasum

Question 25

what is the first chamber of the stomach in a Ruminant Digestive System

Answer 25

First chamber of the stomach is the rumen

Question 26

Which animal has the largest stomach in relation to its digestive tract?

Answer 26

cow

Question 27

Which animal has the largest small intestine in relation to its digestive tract

Answer 27

pig

Question 28

Which is the only animal to have a crop?

Answer 28

hen

Question 29

Which animal has the largest cecum in relation to its digestive tract?

Answer 29

horse

Question 30

Which animal has the largest large intestine in relation to its digestive tract?

Answer 30

horse

Question 31

What does a monogastric digestive system have?

Answer 31

 1 simple stomach

Question 32

What does a low pH do?

Answer 32

destroys most bacteria to break down and feed materials

Question 33

Name three common concentrates

Answer 33

corn Barly Wheat

Question 34

describe  Incisor teeth

Answer 34

Chisel-like & sharp used for Biting & cutting tool

Question 35

describe Canine teeth

Answer 35

Pointed, curved & long used for Killing prey & tearing flesh

Question 36

describe Pre-molar  & molar teeth

Answer 36

2 blunted points of cusps used for Crushing & grinding food

Question 37

describe herbivore teeth

Answer 37

have teeth that are all simular shape and desighn

Question 38

describe heterodonts teeth

Answer 38

have teeth that are all differnt sizes and designs

Question 39

describe deciduous teeth

Answer 39

milk teeth that are replaced by a perminet set later

Question 40

what teeth do herbivorios no have

Answer 40

canines

Question 41

what does diastema mean

Answer 41

the gap between the front teeth and back teeth

Question 42

what is an anate behaviour

Answer 42

an instinctive behaviour

Question 43

what is Chemical digestion

Answer 43

the digestion which involves digestion enzymes 

Question 44

what is Mechanical digestion

Answer 44

 Digestion via microorganisms that break down complex molecules into more simple smaller molecules

Question 45

what is Biological digestion

Answer 45

Digestion via microorganisms to break down complex nutrients such as cellulose.

Question 46

what is  metabolism

Answer 46

The chemical processes in the body’s systems allowing for example, food to be utilised to make new cells and provide energy.

Question 47

what is catabolism

Answer 47

Chemical reactions that break down molecules, either to extract energy or to produce simple molecules for constructing others. Glycogen à Glucose

Question 48

what is Anabolism

Answer 48

Metabolic reactions that build or assemble more complex molecules from simpler ones. Glucose à Glycogen

Question 49

what are compete foods

Answer 49

Nutritionally complete, provides all the nutrients in the amounts and proportions the pet needs.  

Question 50

what are  complimentary foods

Answer 50

Food designed to be a part of the diet but do not meet the nutritional requirements when fed alone. Must be fed with an additional food types like mixer biscuits for dogs, hay for rabbits, etc.

Question 51

explain the Ruminant Digestive System

Answer 51

consists of 6 components: mouth, esophagus, 4 compartment stomach, small intestine, cecum, and large intestine.

Question 52

what is the function of the Oesophagus

Answer 52

The oesophagus is a muscular tube. It connects your mouth to your stomach. When you swallow food, the walls of the oesophagus squeeze together. This moves the food down the oesophagus to the stomach. The upper part of the oesophagus is behind the windpipe (trachea).

Question 53

what is the function of the Stomach

Answer 53

to store food and release it to the intestines at a rate whereby the intestines can process it. The stomach mixes the food and grinds it into a finely divided chyme that increases the surface area of the food in preparation for digestion.

Question 54

what is the function of the Small intestine

Answer 54

to break down and absorb ingested nutrients while mixing and moving the intestinal contents

Question 55

what is the function of the Caecum

Answer 55

the muscle tissue of the cecum contracts, causing the liquid products to churn. This churning extracts salts and electrolytes, such as sodium and potassium. These salts are then absorbed into the mucus membrane of the cecum.

Question 56

what is the function of the Large intestine

Answer 56

The 4 major functions of the large intestine are: bacterial fermentation of indigestible materials. By the time partially digested foodstuffs reach the end of the small intestine, about 80% of the water content has been absorbed. The colon absorbs most of the remaining water.