Feeding And Digestive System

Question 1

What is suspension feeding?

Answer 1

Filter small particles out of water column

Question 2

What is suction feeding ?

Answer 2

Open mouth, suck in food

Question 3

What is ram feeding?

Answer 3

Open mouth, swim over food

Question 4

What is Intertial-feeding?

Answer 4

inertia of food is used to move it in oral cavity

Question 5

What is transport feeding?

Answer 5

movement of food within oral cavity
water current in aquatic
tongue in tetrapods

Question 6

What is mastication?

Answer 6

physical reduction of food size by chewing

Question 7

What is the outside in theory in tooth formation?

Answer 7

teeth comes from bony armour in early vertebrates, as jaws evolved and jaw moved inside the teeth moved inwards as well

Question 8

What is inside out theory in tooth formation?

Answer 8

teeth originated in pharynx and progressed forward in the mouth

Question 9

How is teeth useful?

Answer 9

mechanical digestion, SA for chemical digestions, grip food, puncture food for enzymes, mineral reservoir

Question 10

What is polyphyodont ?

Answer 10

multiple generation of tooth replacement

Question 11

What is diphyodont?

Answer 11

two sets of teeth, milk and permanent

Question 12

What is monophyodont?

Answer 12

a single set of teeth

Question 13

What is homodont?

Answer 13

teeth of similar shape along jaw

Question 14

What is heterodont ?

Answer 14

teeth of different shape along the jaw

Question 15

What is tooth plates?

Answer 15

fused teeth

Question 16

What are the layer in tooth

Answer 16

Inner pulp- living, softer
middle cementum- living, bone like layer
outer dentine- harder
outermost enamel- doesn’t grow after tooth erupts
cusp- final layer

Question 17

what consist of the mammalian tooth?

Answer 17

incisors, canines, premolars, molars

Question 18

3 Types of teeth surface?

Answer 18

Bunodont: rounded peaks, generalized (ancestral)

Lophodont: cusps into drawn-out ridges. Rodents and perissodactyls; elephants

Selenodont: crescent-shaped cusps. Artiodactyls

Question 19

What are three types of buccal cavities?

Answer 19

Lips, Palate, secondary palate

Question 20

What muscle opens upper jaw?

Answer 20

Epaxial muscles
(Lateral pterygoid)

Question 21

What muscles open lower jaw?

Answer 21

Hypaxial jaw

Question 22

What muscle closes the jaw?

Answer 22

Adductor muscles
(Masseter, temporalis)

Question 23

What are different accessory digestive glands?

Answer 23

Salivary glands, pancreas and liver

Question 24

What is Epiglottis?

Answer 24

A flap of cartilage at the root of the tongue, used to cover the opening to trachea and ensure food is delivered correctly

Question 25

What are functions of the stomach?

Answer 25

Mechanical and chemical digestions

Question 26

What is the function of the small intestine?

Answer 26

Peristalsis, Enzyme secretions and selectively absorbing foods

Question 27

What is the function of the large intestine?

Answer 27

re-absorb water

Question 28

What is specialised in foregut fermentation?

Answer 28

Stomach

Question 29

What is specialised in the hindgut fermentation?

Answer 29

Specialised caecum

Question 30

What is ruminating?

Answer 30

Regurgitating for remastication

Question 31

what are some examples of hindgut fermentation?

Answer 31

Rabbits, pigs, horses, elephants

Question 32

Brachydont

Answer 32

Ancestral low-crowned teeth

Question 33

Hypsodont

Answer 33

High-crowned, deep-rooted teeth for grazing (eg horses)

Question 34

Diastema

Answer 34

Gap left between incisors and molars (eg horses)