feedback and motor control Flashcards
What are the criteria for effective punishment?
- Be consistent
- Punish behavior, not person
- Allow autonomy for deciding on appropriate punishment
- It’s best not to use physical activity as punishment
Make sure punishment is not seen as a source of attention - Remain calm and assertive when administering
- Do not punish performance errors
- Do not embarrass learners
- Use sparingly and follow-through
- Do not punish others for one individual’s mistake
- Keep it age appropriate
- Explain the reason for punishment
Why do you not punish the performance error?
Because they will be more likely to perform the unwanted performance again because they are focusing on that negative action
Why is optimal feedback important when working with injured athletes?
- knowing when to use punishment/reinforcement is important in achieving long-term goals.
- important for trainers to know what optimal feedback is to gain trust in movements again and return to play at the same level
How could feedback affect psychosocial outcomes after a sports injury?
competence = confidence
- if an athlete knows what they are doing right and wrong, they feel more competent
- able to again focus on external cues
What is motor learning?
process of learning/relearning a skill and connecting the mind and the body, then making those movements permanent and automatic
- common for injury
What is considered in the cognitive domain of motor learning?
- Knowledge
- Comprehension
- Application
- Analysis
- Synthesis
- Evaluation
What is the psychomotor domain of motor learning?
Reflex movements
Basic-fundamental movements
Perceptual abilities
Physical abilities
Skilled movements
Nondiscursive movements
What is the cognitive phase of motor learning?
- gaining an understanding of how a skill is to be performed
- inability to attend to external cues because we are in narrow internal focus
What is the dominant sensory system in the cognitive phase?
vision
- not a lot of proprioceptive cues
What are the clinician’s responsibilities during the cognitive phase/
- clear communications
- demonstrations
- continuous verbal commentary - providing feedback to allow athlete to make necessary adjustments
What is the associative phase of movement?
- learning how to perform a skill
- focusing on skill refinement and increasing accuracy and automated movements
- may be able to focus more on attentional cues outside of themselves
- have more proprioceptive control > vision (rely more in instinct and feel of movement)
- learning cause of errors and corrective methods
What are the clinician’s responsibilities in the associative phase?
- planning effective rehab techniques instead of demonstrations
- closed and open skills (stable/predictable over unpredictable/variable environment)
*closed = curl, single leg balance - open = jump landing in various directions
- teaching methods to quickly adapt to various situations
learning where to direct attentional resources
What is the autonomous phase?
- maximum level of proficiency
- paralysis by analysis ( need to stop thinking about movement to avoid chocking)
- free to focus on external factors due to automation
- progress depends on skill level
What are the clinician’s responsibilities in the autonomous phase?
- continuously improve skills
- motivational decreases are common because people have achieved goal and lost interest/ intrinsic motivation
- essential to have dynamic and changeable goals in this phase
How is Gestalt’s theory applicable to injury?
- teaching the movement in parts to then make it come together as a whole
