Ch. 2 antecedents of sport injury

Question 1

what is stess?

Answer 1

When your physical and psychological demands outweigh your capabilities and resources

Question 2

Inverted U hypothesis

Answer 2

Assumes that people operate best at a medium level of arousal/state anxiety

Question 3

individual zones of optimal functioning (iZOF)

Answer 3

Each athlete will have their own “zone” of optimal arousal/state anxiety

Question 4

Physical factors for how injuries happen

Answer 4

high-speed collisions
greater strength training demands
fatigue
poor preparation

Question 5

environmental factors to injury

Answer 5

weather
equipment failure

Question 6

psychological factors to injury

Answer 6

stress
distraction due to anxiety/lack of focus

Question 7

Multifactorial model for sports injury

Answer 7

all risk factors occur before event/ exposure to injury

Question 8

Stress injury model

Answer 8

see powerpoint

Question 9

cognitive appraisal

Answer 9

If athlete perceives that their resources exceed demands, then stress response will be minimal
if athlete perceives demands exceed their perceived resources, then stress levels will be high

Question 10

physiological/attentional responses

Answer 10

Optimal attentional field - moderate and optimal arousal; focused on the task and have a correct level of arousal
narrow attentional field - higher levels of muscle tension. failure to pick up on external cues
broad attention field - greater distractibility; attention becomes too scattered and athlete is focusing on many things at once that arent relevant thus missing vital cues

Question 11

muscle tension

Answer 11

Increases in muscle tension can influence the flow of movement
complex tasks that require fine motor function are most susceptible to injury when in a state of high arousal

Question 12

locus of control

Answer 12

internal - you feel like you have control over the situation (higher mental toughness) leads to less injury
external - place control on something else (coaches, refs, opponent); higher levels of anxiety if we feel like we do not have control over the situation which will lead to more injury

Question 13

sense of coherence

Answer 13

the extent to which one has a pervasive, enduring through dynamic, feeling of confidence that one’s environment is predictable and that thing swill work out as well as can reasonably be expected. A mixture of optimism and control.
(basically having cohesive thoughts on the subject)

Question 14

Competitive trait anxiety

Answer 14

tendency to experience stress during sports participation