Feedback Flashcards
Types of feedback
Intrinsic
Extrinsic
Knowledge of results
Knowledge of performance
Feedback
The info a performer receives about their performance
Why is feedback important when developing a skill
Identifies strengths to be built on
Stops repetition of mistakes
Set goals and targets for improvement
Identifies weaknesses to work on
Feedback loop
Performance
Feedback
Assess performance
Correct, adjust, practice
Goods feedback should be
fast
Focused
Factual
Types of guidance
Visual
Verbal
Mechanical
Manual
Advantages of visual guidance
Can see accurate performance and form a mental picture of correct performance
Useful in all stages of learning
Demonstrations can be repeated if necessary
Advantages of verbal guidance
Immediate
Can be combined with visual guidance to paint more accurate picture
Questions can be used to assess learning and understanding
Advantages of manual / mechanical guidance
Gives performers sense of security
Provides a safe environment
Helps individual get a feel for the movement and develop muscle memory
Disadvantages of visual guidance
Demonstrations need to be accurate
Poor quality videos aren’t helpful
Disadvantages of verbal guidance
Long and complicated instructions are harder to take in
Some movements cannot be explained accurately using words
Disadvantages of manual / mechanical guidance
Learners can come to depend on support from coach or equipment
Learners may resist having the guidance taken away
Motivation vocab be seen by
The amount of effort applied to the task
How well focus and effort is directed
How long we stick to a task
Intrinsic motivation
Motivation that comes from doing the activity, rather than to gain external rewards or prizes
Extrinsic motivation
Comes from outside of the individual such as prizes, trophies, praise or fame
Extrinsic motivation
Comes from outside of the individual such as prizes, trophies, praise or fame
Incentive
Something that motivates or encourages someone to do something
Benefits of having a goal
Motivating
Gives direction in training
Allows performer to check their progress
Helps performer feel in control
SMARTER principles
Specific
Measurable
Agreed
Realistic
Time phased
Exciting
Recorded
How goal setting reduces anxiety
Can make a performer feel more confident as they know they have prepared properly
They feel like they have control over the situation
Resulting in reduced anxiety
Goals
Motivation
Control
Focus
Arousal
An increased level of mental excitement and alertness ; the state of being excited keen and mentally and physically ready to perform a task
What increases arousal
Appropriate warm up
Importance of match/ trophy/ prize
Inspiration from crowd
Motivational talk from coach
Over arousal
Anxiety
Make mistakes and not give your best performance
‘Psyched’ out by the other team
Dry mouth
Increased breathing
Increased heart rate
Nausea
Shakiness
Under arousal
Cause you to under perform
May not be excited or focused enough to perform your best
Lack of drive / determination
Inverted U theory
There is an optimal level of arousal for performance. Too Koch or too little will cause a reduction in performance
Optimal level of arousal depends on
Nature of task
Skill f performer
Personality of performer
Cognitive anxiety
Mental symptoms that a performer feels such as fear, worry and doubt that can occur when they are in a state of over or under arousal
Somatic anxiety
Physical signs of anxiety
Mental rehearsal
Running through a skill sequence or event in your mind, in detail using all your senses
Benefits of mental rehearsal
Reacting to bad situations
Performing perfectly under pressure
Crowd noise
Crowd appearance
Benefits of deep breathing
Focus on breathing instead of event
Using breathing to remove tension
Focus on maintaining attention by staying calm
Fill lungs with air and take in oxygen
Introverts
Involved in activities that demand high concentration and accuracy
Individual sports
Lower pain tolerance
Perform better in lower levels of arousal
Extroverts
Team sports
Sports that require gross motor skills
Prefer activities with lower levels of concentration
Higher levels of arousal and faster paces
Trait theory
People are born with certain inherited traits
Social learning theory
Behavior is learnt in the social context through observation or direct instruction
Interactionist theory
Behavior beliefs and values are developed through individual and small group interactions
