Feed Flashcards
1
Q
What are forages?
A
- high fibre feeds
- for ruminants and horses
- the entire plant is harvested as feed
2
Q
What are 3 types of forages?
A
- perennial grasses (native vs. tame; pasture vs harvested as hay)
- cereals: also in grass family but are annuals (harvested as silage or green feed)
- legumes (alfalfa, clover; harvested as hay or silage)
3
Q
What is hay?
A
- produced by field-drying green forage to a moisture content of 15% or less
- provides for livestock feed throughout the winter
4
Q
What is silage?
A
- forage conserved by anaerobic fermentation
- plant material is chopped and packed to exclude oxygen
5
Q
What are concentrates?
A
- grains
- protein sources
- fats
- minerals
- vitamins
- feed additives
6
Q
What are some examples of cereal grains?
A
- corn
- barley
- wheat
- oats
7
Q
What are cereal grains?
A
- carbohydrates are major component
- starch: 55-75%
- very low in fibre
- primary role: energy source
- fed to ruminants and monogastrics
8
Q
What are some plant protein sources?
A
- canola meal
- soybean meal
- distillers grains
- cottonseed meal
- linseed meal (flaxseed meal)
- peas
- sunflower meal
9
Q
What are the 3 most common protein sources in Western Canada?
A
- canola meal
- soybean meal
- distiller grains
10
Q
What are some animal protein sources?
A
- blood meal (80-90% CP)
- fish meal (60-70% CP)
- meat and bone meal (50-55% CP)
- poultry meal (55-65% CP)
11
Q
What are protein feeds also a good source of?
A
- macro minerals
12
Q
Examples of fats.
A
- extremely concentrated energy source
- oils: canola, flaxseed, sunflower
- tallow: animal origin
- rumen protected fats
13
Q
Examples of macro minerals.
A
- Ca, P, K, Mg, Na, S
14
Q
Examples of micro minerals.
A
- Co, Cu, Fe, Fl, I, Mn, Mo, Se, Zn
15
Q
Examples of fat soluble vitamins.
A
- A, D, E, K
