federalism Flashcards
why did the founding fathers write federalism into the constitution?
to limit central gov power, protect states rights and prevent tyranny
when was dual federalism?
1787 to 1930s
what was dual federalism?
where state and federal gov have equal power but over separate areas
when was cooperative federalism?
1930s to 1960s
what was cooperative federalism?
where division between state and federal gov became blurred and the powers of federal gov grew
when was new federalism?
1960s to present
what was new federalism?
an attempt to try and return power to the states but this is dependent on the president
what caused the different phases of federalism?
crises and events at the time, ie Wall Street crash in 1929
when was the No Child Left Behind Act introduced?
2002
who introduced the no child left behind act?
Bush
what did the no child left behind act do?
mandated tests at certain ages and increased federal funding
in terms of federal power, what did the no cild left behind act do?
increased federal power over the statesa
what did bush do to medicaid in 2003?
massively increased it, required states to provide more healthcare to senior citizens
who introduced the American Recovery and Investment act?
obama
what did the American recovery and investment act do?
injected $787 billion into the economy
what did Obamacare make it mandatory for all citizens to have?
health insurance which states should provide
what did the Supreme Court do to Obamacare which returned power to the states?
made it less extreme
what type of federalism did Trump try to use and why?
coercive federalism to force states to follow his policies or lose federal funding
why did trump sue California?
over 3 laws made to stop ICE in their state (one of which had been made unconstitutional)
what were states seems to be promoting under Trump and how?
progressive federalism and by resisting Trump
how can progressive federalism be seen?
moe states legalising marijuana, such as California, despite Trump trying to enforce federal law
how was federalism under Biden similar to Trump?
in terms of coercive federalism, but Biden used it for more progressive ends like voting rights, pandemic control, and abortion rights
who is Bidens attorney general?
Merck Garland
in what aspect is Garland more progressive in?
suing states which are restrictive of voting rights or have been gerrymandering too much like Texas in December 2021.
