Fed State & Fasted State

Question 1

Glucose gets stored as __ or __

Answer 1

glycogen or triglycerides (TG/TAG)

Question 2

Amino acids can covert to

Answer 2

glycogen, fat, (check dis) 2:43pm

Question 3

Whats the primary carb in the our diet?

Answer 3

starch

Question 4

Triglycerides cannot cross ___ causing a big problem! How do we fix this?

Answer 4

cell membranes; we need bile salts to make a bubble around em (solubilizing them)

Question 5

Both insulin and glucagon are __ hormones

Answer 5

peptide

Question 6

__ determine what metabolic state we are in.

Answer 6

hormones

Question 7

T/F, our pancreas is always secreting insulin AND glucagon?

Answer 7

TRUE! Its the ratio that matters. both r always there. in fed state you have insulin&raquo_space; glucagon.

Question 8

Increased release of fatty acids does what for glucose levels?

Answer 8

It helps maintain them at a higher level; alternate source of feul (and the preffered one over glycogen!)

Question 9

What processes does insulin regulate in the liver?

Answer 9

It does glycolysis (glucose->->acetylcoA), makes glycogen (glycogenesis), and turns that acetyl coA into TG

Question 10

TG made in the liver get packaged into __. What else gets packed in there?

Answer 10

VLDL (very low density lipoproteins); cholesteron

Question 11

The only thing RBCs can use for energy is?

Answer 11

glucose

Question 12

The brain and neural tissues mostly use _ for energy

Answer 12

glucose

Question 13

The standard fasting blood glucose range is

Answer 13

80-100 mg/dL

Question 14

The three KBs are?

Answer 14

beta hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, and acetone

Question 15

Three processes that are stimulated by insulin are

Answer 15

uptake of glucose into the liver and muscle, and adipose via making TG (liver and adipose). glucose oxidation in the liver.

Question 16

What are chylomicrons and VLDL? how do they differ from serum albumin.

Answer 16

CM and VLDL are carriers of TG + cholesterol (but CM carry from intestine vs. VLDL comes from the liver) and serum albumin is a protein. FA is part of TG but FA =/= TG.

Question 17

What would be the net charge on butyric acid at ph 1, 4.8, and 7? if the pKa is 4.8

Answer 17

at ph 1 the charge is 0 (ph < pka). at 4.8 the ph = pka so the 0 and -1 have a mixed chance.. total charge -1/2.

Question 18

Where do the FA produced go?

Answer 18

all tissues, but in the liver they can turn into KB.

Question 19

Why does the liver slow down gluconeogenesis in the starved state

Answer 19

spare muscle protein