Feb 23 bio test - Evolution & Reproduction Flashcards
What is evolution?
A gradual change in DNA that relies on variation.
What is natural selection?
Organisms that are best adapted survive passing on their genes to the next generation.
What is asexual reproduction?
Asexual reproduction involves one parent producing genetically similar offspring.
What is sexual reproduction?
Sexual reproduction involves two parents having sexual intercourse to bring their gametes (sex cells) together in order to produce offspring.
What do the testes do?
These produce and store sperm. They
hang outside the body in the scrotum as sperm production is more effective at
lower temperatures than core body temperature.
What does the Sperm duct do?
The tube that leads from the testes to the urethra.
What do the Seminal glands do?
These add fluids to the sperm into order to form semen.
What does the Urethra do?
The tube that leads from the bladder to the tip of the penis. Both urine
and semen (which contains sperm) leave the penis through the urethra.
What does the Penis do?
It can become erect due to erectile tissue filling with blood to aid
intercourse.
What do the Ovaries do?
These produce and store eggs. Once every
28 days one of the ovaries releases a mature egg.
What does the Oviduct do?
This is the site of fertilisation.
What does the Uterus do?
A muscular structure in which a baby can
develop. The lining 0f the uterus is shed during a period.
What does the Cervix do?
At the base of the uterus between the uterus and the vagina.
What does the Vagina do?
A muscular tube that is the site of intercourse and also acts as the birth
canal.
What is ovulation?
The release of a mature egg by an
ovary.
