Features of the MSM Flashcards
What is the MSM composed of?
Sensory register
STM
LTM
Define coding
The way in which info is processed to be stored into memory e.g. STM codes acoustically
Summarise coding in the MSM
SR - modality specific
STM - acoustic
LTM - semantic
Who did research into coding for STM and what was their aim?
Baddeley investigated how we code info in our STM
Describe Baddeleys procedure in his research into coding for STM
- he showed ppts list of words in 4 categories
- acoustically similar and disimilar
- semantically similar and disimilar
- IMMEDIATELY after each presentation, ppts asked to recall lists in correct order
Describe Baddeleys finding and conclusion in his research into coding for STM
- he found more mistakes made on ACOUSTICALLY similar list
- he concluded STM mainly concludes info ACOUSTICALLY
Who did research into coding for LTM and what was their aim?
Baddeley investigated how we code info in our LTM
Describe Baddeleys procedure in his research into coding for LTM
- he showed ppts list of words in 4 categories
- acoustically similar and disimilar
- semantically similar and disimilar
- 20 MINS after each presentation, ppts asked to recall lists in correct order
Describe Baddeleys finding and conclusion in his research into coding for LTM
- he found more mistakes made on SEMANTICALLY similar list
- he concluded LTM mainly concludes info SEMANTICALLY
Define capacity
The amount of info that can be held in memory e.g. capacity of STM is 5-9 items
Summarise capacity in the MSM
SR - unlimited
STM - 5-9 items
LTM - unlimited
Who did research into capacity and what was their aim?
Miller investigated the capacity of the STM
What was Millers procedure into research into capacity of the STM?
- he used the digit span technique
- ppts were given sequences of unrelated digits that inc by 1 digit each time
- ppts digit span was measured until point they could no longer recall digits in correct sequence
What were Millers findings and conclusions into his research into capacity of the STM?
- he found ppts could recall 5-9 items, however more could be recalled when chunked
- he concluded capacity of STM is limited to 5-9 items, digit span can be inc by putting several items into a meaningful chunk
Define duration
The length of time info can be held in memory e.g. duration of STM is 18 - 30 seconds
Summarise duration in MSM
SR - limited = less than half a sec
STM - limited = 18 - 30 seconds
LTM - potentially forever
Who did research into duration of the STM and what was their aim and sample?
Peterson and Peterson investigated the duration of the STM using 24 undergraduate students
What was Peterson and Petersons procedure for their research into duration of the STM?
- ppts were presented with a consonant trigram to remember
- they were then given a 3 digit number and asked to count backwards from this number to prevent rehearsal
- they were stopped at diff intervals (in secs) and asked to recall consonant trigram
What was Peterson and Petersons findings and conclusions for their research into duration of the STM?
- they found after 3 seconds only 80% recalled trigram correctly
- after 18 seconds fewer than 10% recalled correctly
- they concluded info in STM lasts 18 - 30 sec unless rehearsed
Who did research into duration of LTM and what was their aim and sample?
Bahrick investigated duration of the LTM testing 392 american high school graduates aged bw 17 - 74
What was Bahricks procedure for his research into duration of the LTM?
- in condition 1, ppts had to recall names of their classmates using a photo yearbook
- in condition 2, ppts had to recall names of classmates with no photo cue
What was Bahricks findings and conclusions for his research into duration of the LTM?
- condition 1 = 70% recalled accurately after 48 years
- condition 2 = 30% recalled accurately after 48 years
- he concluded certain types of info can potentially last forever, esp with correct cues
What are the AO3 points to evaluate features of the MSM?
For capacity + duration of STM and coding of STM and LTM :
- high control over extraneous variables
- high reliability
- lacks mundane realism
Duration of LTM:
- high in mundane realism
- low control over extraneous variables
