Explanations Of Forgetting - Retrieval Failure Due To Absence Of Cues

Question 1

What are the two explanations for forgetting?

Answer 1

Interference theory
Retrieval failure due to absence of cues

Question 2

What is meant by retrieval failure due to absence of cues?

Answer 2

• suggests forgetting occurs when info is in LTM but cant be accessed due to a lack of memory cues
• there are two types of memory cues; context dependent forgetting and state dependent forgetting

Question 3

What is meant by context dependent forgetting?

Answer 3

• forgetting occurs due to a lack of ext cues to trigger recall
• bc env is diff at recall to when info was coded, meaning forgetting is likely
• e.g. person forgets info when sitting exam in a diff classroom to where they learned info

Question 4

What is meant by state dependent forgetting?

Answer 4

• forgetting occurs due to a lack of int cues to trigger recall
• bc a persons int physical/ emotional state is diff at recall to when info was coded, meaning forgetting is likely
• e.g. person forgets answers during exam bc when they learned info they were calm but in exam they are stressed

Question 5

What are the three AO3 PEELS to evaluate retrieval failure due to absence of cues?

Answer 5

RTS - Godden and Baddeley - scuba diving
RTS - Goodwin et al - drunk/sober
Discussion - lacks mundane realism