Features: Non-standard Flashcards
- Grammar
Use of double negatives (e.g., “I don’t know nothing”).
Non-standard verb conjugation (e.g., “He go” instead of “He goes”).
Use of “ain’t” for negation or emphasis.
Dropping auxiliary verbs (e.g., “You going?” instead of “Are you going?”).
“I don’t know nothing
Double negation
“He go” instead of “He goes”
Non-standard verb conjugation
“ain’t”
Used for negation or emphasis
“You going?” instead of “Are you going?”
Dropping auxiliary verbs
- Syntax
Non-standard word order (e.g., “What you doing?” instead of “What are you doing?”).
Use of regional or dialectal structures (e.g., “We was” instead of “We were”).
“What you doing?” instead of “What are you doing?”
Non-standard word order
“We was” instead of “We were”
Use of regional or dialectal structures
- Pronunciation
Dropped final consonants (e.g., “goin’” instead of “going”).
Glottal stops in place of “t” (e.g., “bottle” pronounced as “bo’le”).
Regional accents, such as Cockney, Appalachian English, or African American Vernacular English (AAVE).
“goin’” instead of “going”
Dropped final consonants
“bottle” pronounced as “bo’le”
Glottal stops in place of “t”
- Vocabulary
Slang terms (e.g., “gonna,” “y’all,” “hella”).
Regionalisms
Informal or colloquial phrases
- Spelling
Non-standard or phonetic spellings in informal writing (e.g., “cuz” instead of “because”).
“Cuz”
Phonetic spelling
- Punctuation
Omission of punctuation in writing (e.g., “i dont know” instead of “I don’t know.”).
