Features: MLE

Question 1

Phonological Features

Answer 1

TH-fronting: replacing /θ/ with /f/ (e.g., “three” becomes “free”).

Monophthongization: diphthongs become single vowels (e.g., “face” pronounced closer to “fes”).

Intonation patterns influenced by Caribbean and African Englishes.

Question 2

Lexical Features

Answer 2

Borrowings from Jamaican Patois (e.g., “bruv,” “bare,” “mandem,” “yard”).

Semantic shifts (e.g., “safe” meaning trustworthy).

Use of discourse markers like “innit” or “yeah.”

Question 3

Grammatical Features

Answer 3

Non-standard past tense forms (e.g., “He done it” instead of “He did it”).

Use of “man” as a pronoun (e.g., “Man’s tired” for “I am tired”).

Invariant tag questions (e.g., “You get me?”).