Features and Anatomy of Selected Joints

Question 1

what is a fibrous joint?

Answer 1

joint that has no cavity and is where bones are held together by dense regular connective tissue

Question 2

what is a cartilaginous joint?

Answer 2

a joint that has no cavity and occurs where bones are held together by cartilage.

Question 3

what is a synovial joint?

Answer 3

a joint that has a cavity where bones are connected, the cavity is filled with fluid that separates the 2 articulating surfaces of the bones.

Question 4

synarthrosis

Answer 4

completely immobile joint. 2 fibrous joints and 1 cartilaginous joint are synarthrosis

Question 5

amphiarthrosis

Answer 5

slightly mobile joint, 1 type of fibrous joint and 1 type of cartilaginous joints

Question 6

diarthrosis

Answer 6

freely mobile joints, all synovial joints are diarthrosis joints, but no fibrous nor cartilaginous joints are diarthrosis joints.

Question 7

gomphosis

Answer 7

peg in a socket, only joint in the human body that’s gomphosis is tooth roots.

Question 8

sutures

Answer 8

fibrous joints that are only found between certain joints in the skull, they allow for growth and change in the different bones of the skull

Question 9

syndesmoses

Answer 9

fibrous joints in which articulating bones are joined by long strands of dense regular connective tissue. they are considered amphiarthroses

Question 10

interosseous membrane

Answer 10

found between radius and ulna which are bound by a broad ligamentous sheet. aka the interosseous membrane

Question 11

synchondrosis

Answer 11

when bones are connected with hyaline cartilage

Question 12

symphysis

Answer 12

has a pad of fibrocartilage between articulating bones. it resists both compression and tension

Question 13

articular

Answer 13

joint capsule which holds fluid

Question 14

what does synovial fluid do?

Answer 14

lubricates joints, nourishes the chondrocytes, and acts as a shock absorber

Question 15

tendons

Answer 15

like ligaments where they’re made of dense regular connective tissue but they aren’t part of the joint itself, but rather connect muscle to bone.

Question 16

what is a plane joint?

Answer 16

simplest synovial articulation and also the least mobile type of diarthrosis.

Question 17

what is a hinge joint?

Answer 17

formed by the convex surface of one articulating bone fitting into the concave depression of another bone in the joint. (Ex. elbow, knee, interphalangeal joints of the hand and foot, and tibiotalar joint of the knee.)

Question 18

what is a pivot joint?

Answer 18

uniaxial joint that has one articulating bone with a rounded surface fits into a ring formed by a ligament and another bone. (Ex. neck, and the radius and ulna

Question 19

what is a condylar joint?

Answer 19

biaxial joints with an oval, convex surface on one bone that articulates with a concave articular surface of the second bone of the joint. (Ex. between radius and carpal joints in the wrist)

Question 20

what is a saddle joint?

Answer 20

articular bones have convex and concave regions that resemble a saddle. (Ex. between trapezium and 1st metacarpal bone)

Question 21

what is a ball and socket joint?

Answer 21

multi-axial joints that are shaped like a ball and socket. (Ex. arm and shoulder, hip and femur

Question 22

what is gliding?

Answer 22

a simple movement when 2 opposing surfaces slide slightly back and forth or side to side.

Question 23

what is angular motion?

Answer 23

either decreases or increases the angle between two bones. flexion, extension, lateral flexion, abduction, adduction, and circumduction.

Question 24

what is the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 24

saddle joint formed by the articulation between the manubrium of the sternum and the sternal end of the clavicle

Question 25

what is a acromioclavicular joint?

Answer 25

plane joint between the acromion of the scapula and the lateral end of the clavicle

Question 26

what is the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 26

simply put its the shoulder joint. a ball and socket joint

Question 27

what is the talocrural joint?

Answer 27

the ankle joint, a modified hinge joint.

Question 28

what is the deltoid ligament?

Answer 28

binds the tibia to the food on the medial side.

Question 29

what is a lateral ligament?

Answer 29

binds the fibula to the foot on the lateral side

Question 30

what is the tibiofibular ligament?

Answer 30

binds the tibia to the fibula.

Question 31

what are the types of arthritis?

Answer 31

osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis

Question 32

what is osteoarthritis?

Answer 32

degenerative arthritis more common in older adults. chronic degenerative arthritis.

Question 33

what is rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer 33

typically seen in younger and middle aged adults, which comes with pain, joint swelling, muscle weakness, osteoporosis, and problems with the heart and blood vessels.