FCELL- Gene expression, protein synthesis and antibiotics

Question 1

what are the cellular components required for protein synthesis

Answer 1

DNA
RNA
AA
enzymes

Question 2

what are the basis of action of antibiotics that inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria

Answer 2

prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes are different

antibiotics block bacterial ribosomes and therefore protein synthesis

Question 3

what is the mechanism of action for streptomycin

Answer 3

inhibition of initiation - misreading of genetic code = wrong AA into peptide

Question 4

what is the mechanism of action for tetracyclines

Answer 4

inhibition of aminoacyl tRNA binding to ribosome

Question 5

what is the mechanism of action for chloramphenicol

Answer 5

inhibition of peptidyl transferase activity

Question 6

what is the mechanism of action of erythromycin

Answer 6

inhibition of translocation

Question 7

what are the limitations of antibiotics

Answer 7

don’t work on viruses, resistance, some may inhibit mammalian mitochondria protein synthesis