Fatty Acid Catabolism Flashcards
What is “fat” a colloquial term for?
A triglyceride
What is a triglyceride?
A glycerol bound to three fatty acids
What are two properties of triglycerides?
They’re: anhydrous and saturated
Where are most triglycerides stored?
Adipose tissue
Before energy and be released from adipose tissue what enzyme must it be metabolised by?
Adipose lipase
What pathway metabolises fatty acids?
B-Oxidation pathway
What does “16:0 fatty acid” mean?
A fatty acid with 16 carbons and 0 double bonds
What does “16:1D6 fatty acid” mean?
A fatty acid with 16 carbons and 1 double bond on carbon 6
What does reductase do?
Reduces two double bonds to one
Where does lipid digestion occur?
In the small intestine
How much energy do fatty acids store?
37.8kJ/g
What is the fate of glycerol after it has been released from a triglyceride?
It becomes glycerol-3-P before being utilised in glycolysis
How are fatty acids mobilised from adipose tissue?
Through an enzyme called adipose tissue lipase
What is the basic reaction of adipose tissue lipase?
Triglyceride -> glycerol + 3 fatty acid -> blood -> liver/muscle -> ATP
How are fatty acids activated prior to B-oxidation?
They are bound to a CoA to form fatty acyl CoA
What is the effect of one round of B-oxidation?
The fatty acid is 2 carbons shorter
What happens to a fatty acid after one round of B-oxidation?
The process continues until it is 4 carbons long.
What are the two unique enzymes of unsaturated fatty acid B-oxidation?
Reductase and isomerase
What is the difference between reductase and isomerase for B-oxidation?
If the double bond is on an even numbered carbon both reductase and isomerase is required. If the double bond is on an odd numbered carbon only isomerase is required.
What is and what happens to the end product of B-oxidation with an uneven number of carbons?
Propionyl CoA is produced which then becomes succinyl CoA and is fed into the TCA cycle
What is a triacylglycerol?
A triglyceride where the fatty acid chain lengths differ.
Where does digestion of TAGs occur?
In the small intestine.
