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BIO247 > Fatty Acid Catabolism > Flashcards

Fatty Acid Catabolism Flashcards

1
Q

What is “fat” a colloquial term for?

A

A triglyceride

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2
Q

What is a triglyceride?

A

A glycerol bound to three fatty acids

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3
Q

What are two properties of triglycerides?

A

They’re: anhydrous and saturated

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4
Q

Where are most triglycerides stored?

A

Adipose tissue

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5
Q

Before energy and be released from adipose tissue what enzyme must it be metabolised by?

A

Adipose lipase

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6
Q

What pathway metabolises fatty acids?

A

B-Oxidation pathway

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7
Q

What does “16:0 fatty acid” mean?

A

A fatty acid with 16 carbons and 0 double bonds

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8
Q

What does “16:1D6 fatty acid” mean?

A

A fatty acid with 16 carbons and 1 double bond on carbon 6

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9
Q

What does reductase do?

A

Reduces two double bonds to one

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10
Q

Where does lipid digestion occur?

A

In the small intestine

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11
Q

How much energy do fatty acids store?

A

37.8kJ/g

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12
Q

What is the fate of glycerol after it has been released from a triglyceride?

A

It becomes glycerol-3-P before being utilised in glycolysis

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13
Q

How are fatty acids mobilised from adipose tissue?

A

Through an enzyme called adipose tissue lipase

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14
Q

What is the basic reaction of adipose tissue lipase?

A

Triglyceride -> glycerol + 3 fatty acid -> blood -> liver/muscle -> ATP

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15
Q

How are fatty acids activated prior to B-oxidation?

A

They are bound to a CoA to form fatty acyl CoA

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16
Q

What is the effect of one round of B-oxidation?

A

The fatty acid is 2 carbons shorter

17
Q

What happens to a fatty acid after one round of B-oxidation?

A

The process continues until it is 4 carbons long.

18
Q

What are the two unique enzymes of unsaturated fatty acid B-oxidation?

A

Reductase and isomerase

19
Q

What is the difference between reductase and isomerase for B-oxidation?

A

If the double bond is on an even numbered carbon both reductase and isomerase is required. If the double bond is on an odd numbered carbon only isomerase is required.

20
Q

What is and what happens to the end product of B-oxidation with an uneven number of carbons?

A

Propionyl CoA is produced which then becomes succinyl CoA and is fed into the TCA cycle

21
Q

What is a triacylglycerol?

A

A triglyceride where the fatty acid chain lengths differ.

22
Q

Where does digestion of TAGs occur?

A

In the small intestine.

BIO247 (23 decks)

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