Fats + Exercise

Question 1

fat distribution in body

Answer 1

more than 50x the energy of carbs

majority in adipose tissue then intra muscular triglycerides + plasma FFA

Question 2

How and where are fats metabolized during ex.

Answer 2

by mitochondria in skeletal muscle

FAs released into circulation, some reesterfied + transported to tissues

Question 3

how are circulating plasma lipoproteins + intramuscular triglycerides broken down

Answer 3

circulating- lipoprotein lipase breaks into FAs

intra- split by hormone sensitive lipase + transported to mito

Question 4

limits to fat oxidation

Answer 4

• lipolysis in adiposytes
• removal of FAs from fat cells
• transport of fat by blood
• transport of FA into muscle/mitocondria
  ox. of FAs in the b-oxidation path + TCA cycle

Question 5

what does lipolysis of adiposytes depend on

Answer 5

Horomone sensitive lipase

conversion of inactive HSL to active HSL depending on the sympathetic nervous system + circulating epinephrine

Question 6

removal of FAs and what are they transported by

Answer 6

• blood flow to adipose tissue
• albumin conc in blood
• number of binding sites for FAs on albumin

Question 7

Transport of FA into muscle cells (what are the carrier pro.)

Answer 7

• specific carrier pro. transport FAs into muscles
• responsible for transport of most FAs across sarcolemma
• muscle contactions increase membrane FAT/ CD36

Question 8

what type of muscle fibre has more intramuscular triacyclglyerics content and where r they located

Answer 8

type 1 has more

located next to mitochondria for immediate energy (elites)

Question 9

transport of FAs into mitochondria and how does it happen/ what facilitates it

Answer 9

FA’s in the cytoplasm activated by acyl-coA synthase to form activated FA

activated FA then used to synthesize IMTG and bound to carotene

Question 10

Caretine palmitoyl transferase I/II goes thru which membranes

Answer 10

I- thru outer

II- thru inner membrane

Question 11

B oxidation dependent on

Answer 11

activity of enzymes
conc. of intermediates
presence of oxygen

Question 12

Fat as fuel during exercise what happens(adaptations)

Answer 12

rate of lipolysis + rate of FA released increases
blood flow to adipose tissue increases
rate of reesterfication decreases
first 15 mins plasma FA decreases since uptake is high

Question 13

what type of fat oxidation at low (25%), mod (65) and high (85)-

Answer 13

low- most oxidized from plasma FA

mod- FA contribution decreases, IMTG increases

High- fat oxidation decreases, decreased BF to adipose

Question 14

endurance training on fat oxidation

Answer 14

• creates greater use of fat
• increased mitochondrial density
• increased capillary density (enhances FA delivery)
• increased FA transporters

Question 15

effects of fasting and how is performance affected at high and low intensities

Answer 15

increased catocolamines
increased lipolysis
performance unaffected at low, decreased at high

Question 16

short terms effects of high fat diets and effect on performance

Answer 16

impair fatigue resistance
decrease muscle glycogen
increase plasma FA +glycerol
no change/decreased performance cuz of fatigue

Question 17

long term effects of high fat diets

Answer 17

lower carb utilization, higher fat utilization