fats and fatty acids dri

Question 1

 Total Fat

ul amdr

Answer 1

AI and RDA not set because insufficient data to
determine a defined level of fat intake at which risk
of inadequacy or prevention of chronic disease
occurs
 UL not set because no defined intake level at which
an adverse event occurs
 AMDR =
 30 - 40% of nrg for children (1-3 y)
 25 - 35% of nrg for children (4-18 y)
 20 - 35% of nrg for adults (old RNIs 30%)
Dietary Fats: Total Fat and Fat

Question 2

 Saturated Fat (SFA) & Trans Fat

Answer 2

 AI and RDA not set because insufficient data to
determine a defined level of SFA or TFA intake at which
prevention of chronic disease occurs
 UL not set, however, positive linear between SFA and
LDL-C and increase risk of CHD could be basis of UL of
zero
 Not possible because all fats contain some SFA
 Recommendation that SFA and TFA be as low as
possible

Question 3

 Monounsaturated Fat (oleic acid 18:1n9)

Answer 3

AI not set because MUFA synthesized in the body

 UL not set due to insufficient evidence

Question 4

 n-6 PUFA (linoleic acid 18:2n6)

omega 6

Answer 4

AI set for all age/sex groups (range 11 - 17 g/d in
adult)
 UL not set due to insufficient evidence
 AMDR = 5 – 10% of nrg

Question 5

 n-3 PUFA (ALA 18:3n3, EPA 20:5n3, DHA 22;6n3)

omega 3

Answer 5

AI set for all age/sex groups (range 1.1 - 1.6 g/d in adult)
 Mostly ALA, EPA & DHA can contribute up to 10% of n-3 intake
 UL not set due to insufficient evidence
 AMDR = 0.6 – 1.2% of nrg

Question 6

 Dietary Cholesterol

Answer 6

AI and RDA not set since all tissues synthesize sufficient
amounts of cholesterol
 UL not set, however, recommended that cholesterol consumption
be as low as possible while consuming a nutritionally adequate
diet

Question 7

eggs

Answer 7

High Quality Protein
Vitamins
Minerals &
Trace Elements
Essential
Fatty Acids
Low in
Saturated
Fats
Other Bioactive
Compounds

but 200 mg of cholestrol

Question 8

Current State of Knowledge

Answer 8

 Saturated fats and trans-fatty acids increase LDL cholesterol
 Dietary cholesterol has much lower impact on total and LDL
serum cholesterol levels than earlier predictions
 Need to consider LDL:HDL ratio
 Prospective study by Hu et al. (1999) reported no association
with egg consumption and cardiovascular disease in healthy
adults
 Exception: Diabetic subjects
 Do we need to limit egg intake in general population?

Question 9

theories as to why egg consumption is increasing

Answer 9

 New appreciation of the role of eggs in diet,
as related to heart disease?
 distancing eggs from cardiovascular disease
risk
 Increased usage of processed egg products
 Surge in interest in low carbohydrate diets
 Introduction to Canada of eggs with unique
properties
 designed to confer health advantages