fats Flashcards
fatty acids are what?
chains of ocygen carbon and hydrogen within fat molecules
what are saturated fats?
fatty acid chains that cannot hold anymore hydrogen in their chemical structure
where are trans fatty acids generally from?
animal sources
are trans fatty acids liquid or solid at room temperature?
solid
what are unsaturated fats?
fatty acid chains that have room for additional hydrogen atoms and are liquid at room tmperature
where do unsaturated fats come from
vegetables include most vegetable oils
what do monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats refer to?
the amount of hydrogen missing in a fatty acid chain
what are some oils that are high in monounsaturated fats?
peanut oil and olive oil
what are some oils that are high in polyunsaturated fats?
sunflower, safflower, and corn oil
which unsaturated fats have lower LDL levels
monounsaturated fats
what are the two forms of polyunsaturated fats and where are they found?
omega-3 (fish) omega-6 (corn soybean and cottonseed oil)
what are omega-3 fatty acids and omega-6 fatty acids classified as
essential fatty acids
what kind of fatty acid is Linoleic acid?
an omega-3 fatty acid
what kind of fatty acid is alpha-linoleic acid?
an omega-6 fatty acid
what is the importance of Liinoleic an alphe-linoleic acid?
they are essential to the production of hormone-like compunds that regulate pain reception, immune function, inflammation, and reduce risk of cardiovascular disease
what derivatives of linoleic and alpha-linoleic acid are linked to a reduced risk of heart disease. where are they found?
EPA and DHEA.
oily fish
what is a two percent intake f trans fatty acids associated with?
a 47 percent increase in the chance of sudden cardiac death and a 23 percent increase in the chance of heart disease.
what are trans fatty acids found in?
food containing partially hydrogenated oils
what are partially hydrogenated oils?
vegetable oils to which hydrogen is added
are partially hydrogenated oils considered safe for human consumption?
not since 2013
what percent of your caloric intake should come from saturated fat?
no more than 7 to 10 percent
what percent of your caloric intake should come from all fats
no more than 35 percent
what do non fat and low fat items tend to have higher levels of?
carbohydrates and sugars.
