Fatigue and Stress | The Fuselage Flashcards
Older aircraft may be made of ____
- Truss
or - Frame and skin
Trusses consist of ___
- Longerons
- Diagonal braces
- Vertical braces
Truss constructions are ___ and take up ___ space
heavy much
Monocoque means ___
single shell
Monocoque is ___ and means ___ space
light more
Monocoque construction is best for ___, __ fuselages
Long narrow
Semi-monocoque uses ___ and ___ to keep a light framework of vertical formers and bulkheads apart.
longerons stringers
Bulkheads absorb the ___ and ___ stresses, whilst the skin absorbs ___ stresses
tensile compression torsional
Most of the applied stresses are dissipated by the ___ components; a small percentage is absorbed by the ___
internal skin
The ___ maintain the shape of the fuselage, and ___ stiffen the metal to prevent it buckling
formers stringers
____ take the main stresses
Longerons
Bulkheads are similar to formers, but placed ___
either end of the fuselage or compartment
Bulkheads are designed to transmit ___ ___
concentrated loads
Frames are designed to maintain ____
rigidity
A firewall can be a ___, or a fireproof partition separation an engine compartment from the cabin.
bulkhead
Engine compartment decking and firewalls are typically made of ___ ___ or ____
stainless steel or titanium
Stressed skin uses high strength ___ or ___ ___ to cope with normal bending and tangent stresses, and torsional moments.
magnesium aluminium alloys
Methods of attachment include:
- Riveting
- Welding
- Bolting
- Pinning
- Adhesives
___ ___ rivets are light, small, and strong in shear.
Aluminimum alloy
Black stuff from rivets is power from ___ against the aircraft skin
fretting
Loose rivets can indicate ____ ____
excessive vibration
Pressurisation creates ___/____ stresses
hoop circumferential
The fuselage of large aircraft are usually ____ construction
semi-monocoque
Longitudinal strength and rigidity may be supplemented by a ___ ___ which runs along the fuselage centreline through the wing centre section
kneel beam
The area rule states that the cross section should increase and decrease ___ either side of the maximum point
gradually
Adding wings to a fuselage increases the cross sectional area very ___
suddenly
The sudden increase in cross-sectional area caused by the wings can be countered by ___ the fuselage at the same time, this ___ wave drag
narrowing reduces
