Fatigue

Question 1

According the the Central Governor Model (Noakes), what does fatigue results from?

Answer 1

Fatigue results from a failure to maintain homeostasis either directly in the active muscles (periphery fatigue) or indirectly in the CNS (central fatigue).

Question 2

According to the Anticipatory-regulatory model (part of Central Governor Model), how does the brain regulate endurance?

Answer 2

Continuous feedback from various systems is integrated to regulate exercise by continuously modifying the number of motor units recruited in the exercising limbs.

Question 3

What is the equation for ‘Motivation Intensity Theory’ within the Psychobiological model?

Answer 3

Reward > Cost = Persistence

• Perception of effort is centrally generated
• Fatigue is a response to high perception of effort

Question 4

What does the Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) regulate?

Answer 4

• Heart rate
• Breathing
• Automatic response to exercise

Question 5

When is the ACC most active?

Answer 5

When performing mental tasks.
– Sustained attention
– Conflict resolution
– Response inhibition

Question 6

What is the Serotonin Hypothesis?

Answer 6

Increase in brain serotonergic activity during prolonged activity augments lethargy and a loss of drive
* Reduced motor unit recruitment
* Lack of evidence
* Neuromodulatory role
* Brain dopamine and noradrenaline - enhance exercise performance in heat

Question 7

What is the Strength Control Model?

Answer 7

Self-control described to a muscle
* The more self-control is exerted the more fatigued it becomes
* Impacting on subsequent events which also require self-control resources
* Initially applied to areas such as:
– binge eating
– substance abuse
– unhealthy lifestyle habits
– antisocial behaviour
* Has been applied to the control of effort over exercise

Question 8

According to the psychobiological model, what is endurance exercise regulated by?

Answer 8

Perception of effort.