Fascismo e La Seconda Guerra Mondiale

Question 1

What were the values of fascism?

Answer 1

For complete control and power over a hive mind of people. Citizens reduced to primal emotion - rage, fear

Question 2

What was the name Mussolini went by in his country?

Answer 2

Il Duce: “The Leader”

Question 3

What was the name of the king before Mussolini?

Answer 3

Il Re, Vittorio Emanuele III

Question 4

Who created fascism and when? What does its word mean?

Answer 4

Benito Mussolini, 1922

Named after the word ‘fascio’ - bundle

Question 5

What ideals did fascists oppose?

Answer 5

The fascists opposed capitalism and corporations. As a result, they took control of the industries and many companies and banks crashed.

Question 6

What was the punishment of anti-fascists?

Answer 6

Exile, assassination and execution.

Question 7

Where did Mussolini search for wealth?

Answer 7

Mussolini sourced his wealth on agricultural advancements, water transportation and expanding electricity.

Question 8

Where did anti-semitism in Italy come from?

Answer 8

Mussolini did not have anti-semitism as a term in fascism but was introduced to increase bonds with Hitler.

Question 9

What did Mussolini want his citizens to be?

Answer 9

He wanted his citizens to act as sheep. He wanted them to be stupid so they would have a blind faith in him. He also encouraged a healthy lifestyle to create the ‘strong Italian’.

Question 10

What was the alliance between Italy and Germany called?

Answer 10

The pact was called the “Patto di Acciaio”.

Question 11

When did Italy enter the war against the Allies?

Answer 11

1940

Question 12

Who joined the war in 1941?

Answer 12

Japan and America.

Question 13

What happened in 1943?

Answer 13

The king, Vittorio Emanuele III regained power of il Sud and joined the Italian army with the Allies to instead fight against Hitler.

Question 14

What were the orders of Prime Minister Camillo Benso?

Answer 14

Benso wanted to expand Italy’s empire and thusly declared war on the Horn of Africa in 1882.

Question 15

What political act did Mussolini do in 1935?

Answer 15

Mussolini invaded Ethiopia in 1935.

Question 16

Which countries were inhabited by Italy by 1940?

Answer 16

Somalia and a strip in France.

Question 17

To which country did Italy lose most of its battles with?

Answer 17

England.

Question 18

Which powers controlled the North and South during the Resistance?

Answer 18

The North was controlled by German and fascist control while the South was controlled by the king.

Question 19

When did the partisans form?

Answer 19

1943

Question 20

What types of people were partisans?

Answer 20

Women, activists, monarchists, Catholics, communists and liberals.

Question 21

How many partisans were there?

Answer 21

There were 300,000 armed partisans, however many were not counted as they worked as spies, nurses or sacrificed their homes and funds for the cause, as partisans were privately funded.

Question 22

How were the partisans able to win battles?

Answer 22

Although they were not heavily armed, partisans won battles through ambushing their enemy as they knew the terrain and the Germans did not. They were also secretive as they did not wear uniforms.

Question 23

Where did the partisans often fight?

Answer 23

In the mountains.

Question 24

What were the three main symbols used in propaganda?

Answer 24

‘Il Fascio’, ‘L’aquila’ and ‘Il V Maivscola’

Question 25

Who were the futurists?

Answer 25

The futurists were a group of young men that believed in the advancement of technology and exulted speed. They believed war was a way of cleansing the world and would preach their message loudly in town squares.

Question 26

Who created futurism?

Answer 26

Futurism was devised by Filippo Tomasso Marinetti, a young poet.

Question 27

What technologies did futurism focus on?

Answer 27

Planes, the radio and cinema, as these things were advancing at the time.

Question 28

What did the futurists scorn?

Answer 28

The futurists scorned old values and traditions as well as the opinions of women.

Question 29

How was propaganda enforced.

Answer 29

Through censorship and messaging in newspapers, radio, cinema, print media, art, poetry, dance, sculpture, photography, music and literature.

Question 30

Define the dictionary terms: vi, vt and inv

Answer 30

vi: intransitive verb (takes essere)
vt: transitive verb (takes avere)
inv: invariable noun (the vowel at the end of the noun does not take to gender)

Question 31

What ways can you sign off a letter?

Answer 31

A domani
Buonanotte
A presto