FARs Flashcards
Prior to each flight the PIC shall make sure all required items are on board. WHAT ARE THESE ITEMS?
Airworthiness Cert, Registration Cert, Required Checklist, AFM, Flashlight, W&B Info, Charts, (2) Headsets/microphones, FCC Radio Permit, Flight Log Manifest, “Tin Can” status sheet, GOM, Emergency Procedures Cards
On International flights what documents are required for the AIRCRAFT?
Airworthiness Cert, Radio Station License, Current Cert of Insurance (In Mexico, has to be Mexican Company), Permanent Registration, Customs Decal (part 91) / Part 135 no decal required
On International flights what documents are required for the CREW?
Valid Pilots license, Medical, Radio Operators License, Passport, in some case a VISA
What is the lowest visibility takeoff minimums?
1/2 mile (1800 RVR)
What is the SQUAK CODE for High Jacking?
7500
What is the SQUAK CODE for Emergency?
7700
What is the SQUAK CODE for Loss of Communications?
7600
Which class of medical is required as a PIC of a 135 Flight?
Minimum 2nd class
Aircraft accidents must be reported to the NTSB within how many days?
10 days
Can we fly RNAV SIDs and STARs?
No – Only POINT TO POINT
In order to be approved for IFR flights into UNCONTROLLED CLASS G airspace, what 4 things must be available at that airport?
Pilot Activated Lighting, IFR Approach lights, Automated WX, Radio to talk on
Can you continue an approach if WX drops below minimums?
Inside the FAF—YES
Before the FAF—NO
If TDZE for a particular runway is not available, what elevation should be used?
Threshold elevation, and if this is not available then Airport elevation
What paperwork must be aboard an aircraft before departure?
Airworthiness certificate, Registeration, AFM, OPS SPECs, W&B, MX requirements (dates and expirations), Discrepancy Log
What is a GCO?
Radio frequency (at a class G - uncontrolled airport) where an IFR clearance or cancelation can be obtained on the ground
What is a RCO?
Radio frequency (at a class G - uncontrolled airport) where a phone call can be made for IFR clearance or cancellation while on the ground. This transmitter is activated by clicking the micro 4 times (slowly) to initiate the call.
What SPEED CATEGORY are the Twin Cessnas (IFR Approach Plates)?
Class B (91kts -120kts)
MAX AIRSPEED IN CLASS B airspace
250 kts
MAX AIRSPEED UNDER THE SHELF of CLASS B?
200 kts
MINIMUM IFR fuel reserve requirements while on an IFR flight plan?
Enough fuel for flight at normal cruise TO DESTINATION plus TO ALTERNATE plus 45 MINUTES RESERVE. Figure 30 gallon per hour for 310, and 40 gallon per hour for 401/414.
When can we use lower than standard takeoff minimums?
We can use the minimums equal to the lowest IFR approach favoring current/existing winds.
Can a Pilot descend below “DH” on an IFR approach?
Yes, 100 feet above TDZE when approach lights are in sight.
When are we required to file an alternate?
When within 1 hour before to 1 hour after ETA, ceiling is less than 2000 feet, and the visibility less than 3 miles.
What must a pilot have in sight to descend for a landing on an IFR approach? (at least 1)
Runway, runway markings, runway lights, approach lighting system, threshold, threshold markings, threshold lights, touchdown zone, touchdown markings, touchdown lights, VASI/PAPI, or runway end lights.
Are we approved to shoot CAT II approached?
NO
The Aircraft Discrepancy Log Sheet (ADLS) will be kept in the “TIN CAN” until which conditions are met?
ADLS is full, AND ALL items on the ADLS have been cleared, AND 30 days have passed since the last item on the full sheet was cleared.
If an aircraft requires MX on a part 91 flight away from home base….What are the steps to be taken by crew?
Contact DOM and he shall make arrangements for the repairs.
All mechanics that touch TCAS/EAT aircraft must participate in what program?
Anti-drug and Anti-Alcohol testing
Oxygen requirements for crew?
Non-pressurized aircraft (310/401) at 10000 feet after 30 minutes must be on O2, 12000 feet continuously must be on O2. Pressurized aircraft (414) at 25000 feet, when only one crew member on the flight deck that crew member must wear the O2 mask.
MINIMUM REST after DRINKING ALCOHOL? (full reg)
minimum 8 hours rest, max .04 BAC, no noticeable effects (no hangover)
How much rest does a pilot need before a 135 flight?
10 hours
How much duty time can a pilot serve in a 24 hour period?
14 hours
Can our duty time be extended in a 24 hour period for any reason?
NO
If our duty day ended at 9pm, what is the earliest we can report for duty the next day?
7 am.
What is the maximum amount of flight time we can log in any 24 hour period?
8 hours. And it is for a trailing 24 hour cycle
If we run out of duty time on the next to the last flight leg, can we fly the last leg to home base on Part 135?
NO, not on 135. but we can fly it part 91 if the leg is empty
What training is required to qualify as a PIC of a 135 flight (the specific 135.___ reg)?
135.293, 135.297, 135.299
What is the description of the ORAL EXAM 135 reg required to fly 135?
This is the BIG TEST – each 12 months
135.293 oral exam covering, GOM, WX, REGs, Aircraft SYSTEMS (powerplant, components, appliances, PART 61, 91, 135, Preformance and limitations, normal and emergency procedures, NAV aids (VOR, ATC, GPS, IFR approaches)
Grace period allows for 30 days before or after specific anniversary date, but never changes the date.
What is the description of the INSTRUMENT PROFICIENCY CHECK RIDE part 135 reg required to fly 135?
AIRPLANE CHECK RIDE – each 6 months.
135.297….Specific for evaluating pilots Instrument Proficiency skill/strength.
What is the description of the ENROUTE CHECK RIDE part 135 reg required to fly 135?
AIRPLANE CHECK RIDE – 12 months
135.299 …. Specific for evaluating pilots ENROUTE NAV skill/strength.
To QUALITY as a PIC of a PIC 135 flight, WHAT 5 things are required?
Commercial Pilots License (Multiengine/IFR), Medical (2nd class minimum), and 135.293, 135.297, 135.299
What is our standard TakeOff Minimum?
1 mile (5000 RVR)
Can you CANCEL IFR in the AIR or DEPART without IFR clearance/void time?
NO
How long is a duplicate copy of the flight manifest required to be in the aircraft “TIN CAN”?
30 days
What is the maximum time before VOR CHECK must be preformed?
30 days (+/- 4 degrees)
If a VOR check is not current, can I depart on an 135 flight?
Yes, just can use VOR as primary source of navigation
Can a VOR check that has expired, be re-qualified while on a 135 flight?
Yes. Navigate via GPS by keeping the NAV 1 page open for reference, while preforming the VOR check.
What is the maximum time before TRANSPONDER CHECK must be preformed?
24 months
What is the maximum time before PITOT/STATIC CHECK must be preformed?
24 months
What is the maximum time before EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT CHECK must be preformed?
30 days
What are the CIRCLE to LAND minimums?
450 feet and 1 mile
RVSM check of ALTIMETERS (difference between altimeters) on the ground must not exceed “____” feet of airport elevation?
50 feet
What is the minimum weather required for takeoff under part 91?
No minimum (91.175)
What must be distinctly visible and identifiable before you can descend below the DH or MDA?
Runway environment (the threshold, threshold markings, threshold lights, REIL, VASI, touchdown zone or touchdown markings, touchdown zone lights, runway and runway markings, runway lights.) if the approach lighting system is visible you may descend to 100 feet above TDZE, but no lower unless the red terminating bar or red side row bars are visible. (91.175)
What minimum weather is required at the alternate under part 135?
For airports with at least 1 operational navigation facility-add 400 feet and 1 mile to the higher approach minimums. For airports with 2 operational navigational facilities to different suitable runways-add 200 feet and 1/2 mile to the higher approach minimums. (GOM C055-1)
What minimum weather is required to be forecast for an alternate with a precision approach under part 91?
600 feet and 2 miles at the ETA (91.169c1i)
What minimum weather is required at the destination in order to not have to file an alternate under part 135?
ETA +- 1 hour: 1500 feet above the lowest circling approach MDA, or if no circling is authorized for the airport 1500 feet above the lowest straight in minimum or 2000 feet above the airport field elevation whichever is higher and visibility is forecast to be 3sm or 2sm more than the minimums for the approach to be used at that airport. (135.223)
What minimum weather is required at the destination in order to not have to file an alternate under part 91?
2000 ft ceiling and 3 miles visibility (91.167b2i)
What are the vertical and horizontal boundaries of the 200 knot airspeed limitation that exist at the primary airport within class C or D airspace?
2500 feet AGL and 4nm (91.117b)
What minimum weather is required for takeoff under part 135?
Standard - 2 engines is 1 mile (91.175f & GOM C057)
What minimum weather is required for landing under part 91?
Required flight visibility for approach procedures (91.175d)
What is the minimum weather required for landing under part 135?
The weather must be at or above the weather minimums for the approach being used (135.225)
Is an ELT required on our charter aircraft?
Yes (91.207)
What time period required aircraft position lights to be on?
When visibility is less than 3 miles and sunset to sunrise (91.209)
Are anti-collision light required for daylight operations?
When visibility is less than 3 miles (91.209)
When is a passenger briefing required under part 91?
Before each takeoff, unless they are familiar with the brief (91.519)
When is a passenger briefing required under part 135?
Before every takeoff, no exceptions. (135.117)
What limitations apply when taking off with the weather below landing minimums under part 135?
Take off alternate within one hour of point of departure. (135.217)
Under part 135 may we accept LAHSO clearances?
No (ops specs a004-2)
What are the speed limits in class A?
No LIMIT
What are the ALTITUDE LEVEL FOR CLASS A airspace?
18,000 feet to 60,000 feet
What are the speed limits in class B?
250 kts (inside B), 200 kts under shelf
What are the ALTITUDE LEVEL FOR CLASS B airspace?
surface to 10,000 feet, BUSIEST AIRPORTS
What are the ALTITUDE LEVEL FOR CLASS C airspace?
surface to 4000 feet
What are the ALTITUDE LEVEL FOR CLASS D airspace?
surface to 2500 feet
What are the speed limits in class C?
200 kts
What are the speed limits in class D?
200 kts
What are the speed limits in class G?
200 kts
What are the speed limits PROCEDURE TURNS?
200 kts
When is a PROCEDURE TURN required?
They are the outbound turns to establish an aircraft on an inbound IFR approach course.
What procedures is required if we lose 2 way radio communication while IFR?
Fly course, altitude and time as departure clearance instructed, and then continue to fly as flight plan was filed.
If at a fix where an approach begins commence descent or descent and approach as close as possible to the EFC time if one has been provided, or if one has not been provided, as close as possible to the ETA as calculated from the filed time en route.
If the clearance limit is not at a fix from which an approach begins, leave the clearance limit at the expect further clearance time, if one has not been received upon arrival over the clearance limit, and proceed to a fix from which an approach begins and commence descent or descent and approach as close as possible to the ETA.
What are our Airborne weather radar requirements?
No person may begin a flight under IFR or night VFR conditions when current weather reports indicate that thunderstorms, or other potentially hazardous weather conditions that can be detected with airborne weather radar equipment, may reasonably be expected along the route to be flown, unless the airborne weather radar equipment required by (a) is in satisfactory operating conditions. (C) if the airborne weather radar equipment becomes inop en route, the aircraft must be operated under the instructions and procedures specified for that even in the manual. 135.175
What weather is required before flight under part 135?
Destination weather at or above minimums at ETA (135.219)
Can you continue an approach when inside the FAF when the weather is below landing minimums?
Yes (135.225)
What is the full 135 REG concerning duty times and requirements?
Within the preceding 24 hours starting at the end of the trip each pilot shall have 10 consecutive hours of crew rest. No pilot shall fly more than 8 hours in any 24 hour period. (We are not allowed to go over this since we are single pilot operation) each pilot shall have 13 rest periods of 24’consecutive hours each calendar quarter. Each pilot is limited to not more than 500 flight hours In any calendar quarter, 800 hours I any two consecutive calendar quarters and 1400 hour I many year. 135.263, 135.267
