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Sociology P2: Family > Family Diversity > Flashcards

Family Diversity Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

murdocks theory on family

A

family universal, anything other than nuclear= extensions or reductions

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2
Q

term: polygyny

A

a man who has more than one wife

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3
Q

term: polyandry

A

a woman with more than one husband

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4
Q

term: cohabitation

A

living with a partner but not being married to or in a civil partnership with them

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5
Q

Morgan: criticising cohabitation

A

refers to cohab as marriage-lite
claims evidence shows cohab couples less happy + less fulfilled , more likely be abusive

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6
Q

Murphy: criticising cohabitation

A

children whose parents live together but not married get worse results at school, higher risk of developing serious illness

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7
Q

term: GMR (General Marriage Rate)

A

number of men and women who get married in any given year per 1,000 men and women 16yr and over who are unmarried

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8
Q

trends of marriage in UK

A
  1. people marrying later
  2. social class divide in marriage
  3. ethic variations
  4. same sex marriage
  5. GMR in decline
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9
Q

reasons for decline in marriage

A
  1. social policies put off people
  2. secularisation
  3. change in attitude- make sure will be equal
  4. average cost
  5. more focused on career
  6. women don’t need to marry financially
  7. increasing divorce rates
  8. improvements in reproductive tech
  9. value marriage more as institution than past
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10
Q

2 alternatives to marriage

A
  1. cohabitation
  2. LATs
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11
Q

term: LATs

A

people in long term committed intimate relationship but don’t share home by choice

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12
Q

why are LAT’s growing?

A
  1. increasing divorce + seperation= less willing to commit
  2. children from prev relationships
  3. difficulty maintaining job in same area
  4. modern tech=closer links maintained
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13
Q

Morgan & Murphy criticisms

A
  • cohabitation become more normal part of life course
  • cohab delaying marriage as test of compatibility
  • cohab regarded as trial run
  • practical reasons for rise in cohab
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14
Q

reasons for increase in divorce

A
  • changes in law
  • growing secularisation
    -changing social attitudes
  • privatised nuclear family more isolated
  • reduced functions of family
    increasing life expectancy
  • contraception
  • rising expectations of marriage
  • influence of feminism
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15
Q

term: modified extended family

A

a nuclear family which maintains strong kinship ties with extended relatives however they don’t live in the same household but communicate via technology

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16
Q

term: communes

A

people living in groups where share resources and accommodation

17
Q

marriage: Beaujouan & Ni Bhrolchain

A

thinks cohabitation has become more normal & is delaying marriage seen as test of compatability ‘trial run’

18
Q

term: divorce rate

A

number of divorces per 1000 marriages per year

19
Q

reasons for divorce rate increasing

A
  • changes in law (DRA 1969)
  • growing secularisation
  • change in social attitudes
  • reduced functions of fam
  • contraception
  • increasing life expectancy
  • privatised nuc fam more isolated
20
Q

child- bearing: Whiting

A

2 child family remains most common and has done for 70 years

21
Q

child-bearing: Hirsch

A

each child costs nearly £154K by time 18 years

22
Q

term: child bearing

A

having children

23
Q

term: child rearing

A

raising children

24
Q

rappoports

A

these factors influence type of family an individual is likely to have: cohort,ethnicity, social class, life cycle, structural

25
Q

regional diversity: Everslea & Bonnerjea

A

Where u live in UK affects family structure- geriatric wards, older declining industrial areas, newly declining industrial areas, sun belt, truly rural areas

26
Q

why are gay families increasing

A

changes in law and attitudes

27
Q

why are singlehood increasing

A
  • less social stigma
  • growing individualisation
  • need for flexibility to move/travel for work
  • decline in marriage
  • rise in divorce & seperation
  • LATs
28
Q

social class: Kieran + Mueller

A

’ those from lower social classes more likely to experience marital breakdowns compared to those in higher classes ‘

29
Q

term: privatised nuclear family

A

2 parents + children, isolated from extended relatives
more likely to be middle class families

30
Q

term: modified extended family

A

extended relatives may still play important role but not within same household, maintain regular contact with extended relatives
more likely to be working class families

31
Q

ethnicity: Berihoud + Berishan

A
  • Pakistani families largest families due to lowest % of 1 person fams
  • Bangladeshi highest fertility rate in each age category so biggest fam size
32
Q

cultural: Carribbean culture

A
  • high rates lone parenthood
  • separation + divorce 2x high than for white ppl
  • mixed partnership common
  • few carribean men and women married to each other
33
Q

cultural: south asian culture

A
  • extended fam still patriarchal in structure
  • old fashioned values- arranged marriages
  • divorce rates low due to social disapproval
34
Q

evaluation of cultural differences

A
  • Barrow: mix of fam types exist
  • Victor: older ppl in south asian communities in England uncertain if can rely on kids
  • Chamberlain + Gouldbourne: african carribean female lone parent supported by wide kinship newtwork

Sociology P2: Family (18 decks)

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